Reduced prepulse inhibition as an early vulnerability marker of the psychosis prodrome in adolescence |
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| Authors: | Ziermans Tim B Schothorst Patricia F Sprong Mirjam Magnée Maurice J C M van Engeland Herman Kemner Chantal |
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| Institution: | a Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlandsb Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Swedenc Department of Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Utrecht University, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundThe onset of psychosis is thought to be preceded by neurodevelopmental changes in the brain. However, the timing and nature of these changes have not been established. The aim of the present study was to determine whether three “classic” neurophysiological markers of schizophrenia are also characteristic of young adolescents (12-18 years) at ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR).Methods63 young UHR individuals and 68 typically developing, age-, sex- and IQ-matched controls were recruited for neurophysiological assessment. Data for P50 suppression, prepulse inhibition (PPI) and smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) were gathered and compared.ResultsUHR individuals showed reduced PPI compared to controls, which became more pronounced when controls were directly compared to medication-naive UHR individuals (N = 39). There were no group differences in P50 or SPEM measures.ConclusionsThese results suggest that PPI is a relatively early vulnerability marker, while changes in other neurophysiological measures may only be detected or affected later during the illness course. Antipsychotic and antidepressant medication may aid in elevating PPI levels and potentially have a neuroprotective effect. |
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| Keywords: | Ultra-high risk for psychosis p50 Prepulse inhibition Smooth pursuit |
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