初中生自杀意念影响因素分析

目的探索初中生自杀意念的相关影响因素,为关注初中生心理健康提供实证依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,对上海市松江区15所初中的2265名初中生进行一般情况问卷、自杀意念自评量表(SIOSS)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、中学生抑郁量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)施测,以SPSS 17.0进行统计分析。结果 1初中生1年内自杀意念检出率为13.47%;2学习成绩差、同伴关系差、有自杀家族史、父亲职业是农民、与父亲关系差、与母亲关系差、家庭经济状况差的初中生自杀意念检出率较高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=51.768,82.119,11.035,13.956,84.731,79.218,7.172;P0.05);3有自杀意念组初中生的抑郁、焦虑、人际关系因子、学习压力因子、受惩罚因子、丧失因子、健康适应因子、其他因子分均高于无自杀意念组,差异有统计学意义(t=-30.853,-25.108,-20.663,-18.947,-14.508,-11.480,-14.474,-19.018;P0.001);4多因素Logistic回归分析表明,初中生自杀意念的影响因素包括性别、年级、家庭状况(是否是单亲家庭)、同伴关系、家庭经济状况、抑郁、焦虑、人际关系因子、受惩罚因子。结论初中生自杀意念与多因素有关,应加强对初中生群体的心理健康教育。

Analysis of Suicidal Ideation Influencing Factors For Junior High School Students

Objective To explore suicidal ideation influencing factors for junior high school students so as to provide empirical evidence for their psychological health .Methods Stratified random sampling was carried out to investigate total 2265 junior high school students from fifteen junior high middle schools of Songjiang district in Shanghai .A general questionnaire , Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale（SIOSS）,Adolescent Self -Rating Life Events Check List （ASLEC）,Middle School Student Depression Scale and Self -Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）test were used to measure.The data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0.Results ①The annual prevalence rate of suicidal ideation for junior high school students was 13.47%.②The prevalence rate of suicidal ideation for junior high school students was higher in those who had poor academic performance ,poor peer relationship,suicidal family history,farmer father,poor relationship with father and mother,poor family economic condition （χ2 =51.768,82.119,11.035,13.956,84.731,79.218,7.172;P〈0.05）.③The scores of depression ,anxiety ,human relationship factor ,study pressure factor ,chastisement factor ,loss factor ,health adaptation factor and other fac-tor of junior high school students with suicidal ideation were higher than those without suicidal ideation （t=-30.853,-25.108,-20.663,-18.947,-14.508,-11.480,-14.474,-19.018;P〈0.001）.④Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of suicidal ideation for junior high school students included gender ,grade,family situation（being or not single -family）,peer relationship,family economic condition ,human relationship factor and chastisement factor .Conclusion Suicidal ideation influencing factors for junior high school students are related to many factors , the psychological health education of junior high school students should be strengthened .