慢性精神分裂症患者共情缺陷及其相关因素

目的调查慢性精神分裂症患者的共情缺陷及其相关因素。方法采用人际反应指针量表(IRI-C)对116例住院慢性精神分裂症患者和109例社区正常对照组的共情能力进行比较,并应用情绪-社交孤独问卷(ESLI)、德克萨斯社交行为问卷(TSBI)、罗森伯格自尊量表(SES)、阴性症状评定量表(SANS)、住院精神病人社会功能量表(SSPI)等进行评定,分析患者共情能力的相关因素。结果研究组IRI-C总分显著低于对照组(t=3.97,P0.01),且总分离散度大于对照组。患者的受教育程度、阴性症状与患者共情能力有相关性(r=0.115,-0.459;P0.05);IRI-C总分与SES总分、TSBI总分呈正相关(r=0.386,0.541,P0.01),并且TSBI总分进入回归模型,Beta值为0.417,与ESLI总分无相关性,但与社交孤立因子、社交孤独因子相关(r=-0.256,0.327;P0.05),且社交孤立、社交孤独因子全部进入回归模型,Beta值分别为-0.258,0.523。结论慢性精神分裂症患者存在广泛的共情缺陷,并且阴性症状明显、自尊水平低、缺乏自信心、支配性差、社会退缩、社交孤独,共情能力越差。

Empathic Deficits and Its Correlative Factors of Hospitalized Patients with Chronic Schizophrenia

Objective To explore the peculiarities and related factors of empathic deficits of the patients with schizophrenia .Methods 116 schizophrenic patients and 109 healthy subjects were assessed with the interpersonal reactivity index -C（ IRI-C） ,Emotional-Social Loneliness Inventory （ESLI）,the Texas Social Behavior Inventory （TSBI）,the Self-Esteem Scale（SES）,the Scale for assessment of negative symptoms （ SANS） and the Scale of social function in psychosis inpatients （ SSPI） .Results Compared with healthy controls,The IRI-C total scores were significantly lower in the patients group （t=3.97,P〈0.01）,the separation of total score was larger than that of the control group ,and widely distributed .There were significant correlations between the patient＆#39;s level of education ,negative symptoms and empathic deficits （r=0.115,-0.459;P〈0.05）.The total score of IRI-C were positively correlated with the total score of SES and the total score of TSBI （r=0.386,0.541;P〈0.01）,and the total score of TSBI had come into the regression model ,the Beta value was 0.417.There were no correlation between the total score of IRI -C and total score of ESLI（r=-0.090,P〉0.05）,but the total score of IRI-C was correlated with the social isolation factor and social loneliness factor （r=-0.256,0.327;P〈0.05）, social isolated and social loneliness had come into the regression model ,the Beta value was-0.258,0.523.Conclusion Schizophrenic patients have extensive impairment of empathic abilities ,the prominent negative symptoms ,low levels of self-esteem,lack of self-confidence,poor domination,social withdrawal,social loneliness,poor empathy ability.