嗓音障碍主观听感知评估中标准化朗读文本的设计

目的 设计涵盖汉语普通话发音所有音素的短文,用于嗓音障碍主观听感知的评估.方法 设计原则为涵盖汉语拼音的21个声母和39个韵母的短文,包含汉语普通话发音的所有音素;其次短文要有一定的中心意思.结果 设计的短文<父母心>共155字,涵盖了21个声母和38个韵母.由于韵母(e)不常用,而对应的读音仅有1个字"欸",故未包括.另外,短文中包括了17个轻声和1个儿化音.短文中声母、韵母和声调的出现频率(构成比)大体符合汉语的出现规律.采用样本与总体相似性检验的方法,将短文与中国科学院声学研究所统计汉语中声母、韵母和声调的构成比进行相似性比较,声母、韵母的r值分别为0.742、0.844,P值均小于0.001,有高度相似性;声调的r值为0.731,P＞0.05,与汉语的相似程度无统计学意义.结论 设计的短文涵盖了汉语普通话发音的所有音素,声母、韵母的出现规律基本符合汉语的出现规律,其在嗓音障碍主观听感知评估的应用价值有待进一步研究.

Design of standard voice sample text for subjective auditory perceptual evaluation of voice disorders

Objective To design a speech voice sample text with all phonemes in Mandarin for subjective auditory perceptual evaluation of voice disorders. Methods The principles for design of a speech voice sample text are: The short text should include the 21 initials and 39 finals, this may cover all the phonemes in Mandarin. Also, the short text should have some meanings. Results A short text was made out. It had 155 Chinese words, and included 21 initials and 38 finals (the final, (e), was not included because it was rarely used in Mandarin). Also, the text covered 17 light tones and one "Erhua". The constituent ratios of the initials and finals presented in this short text were statistically similar as those in Mandarin according to the method of similarity of the sample and population( r =0. 742, P ＜0. 001 and r =0.844, P ＜ 0.001, respectively). The constituent ratios of the tones presented in this short text were statistically not similar as those in Mandarin(r = 0. 731, P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusions A speech voice sample text with all phonemes in Mandarin was made out. The constituent ratios of the initials and finals presented in this short text are similar as those in Mandarin. Its value for subjective auditory perceptual evaluation of voice disorders need further study.