类黄酮和维生素的抗突变研究

目的 :　比较类黄酮、维生素和咖啡碱等对不同致突变物的抗突变活性特征、作用及影响。方法 :　用改进型的 Ames试验方法、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌 (Salmonella tyhimurim)的变异种 TA系列菌株、直接致突变物的 1 -硝基芘 (1 -NP)和间接致突变物的色氨酸热解产物 (Trp-P-1 )对测试物进行抗突变效果的比较。结果 :　植物性食物中富含的黄烷醇 (儿茶素 )类、黄酮醇类、酚酸类对Trp-P-1比 1 -NP的抗突变活性高 ;维生素 C、B族和 A对 1 -NP的抗突变性高于类黄酮物质 ,而对Trp-P-1的抗突变性则较低 ,但均有抗突变的剂量效应关系 ;咖啡碱与儿茶素合并使用时对 Trp-P-1的致突变有拮抗现象作用。结论 :　类黄酮对抗突变有较好的作用 ;维生素有辅助和互补作用 ;而咖啡碱的抗突变性不明显

THE ANTIMUTAGENIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FLAVONOIDS AND VITAMINS

Objective:To contrast and analyse the antimutagenic activities and behavioral trait of flavonoids and vitamins. Methods:Modified Ames method using 1 nitropyrene (1 NP) as direct mutagen and 3 amino 1,4 dimethyl1 5H pyridoindole (Trp P 1) as indirect mutagen, Salmonella typhimurim TA98 were used. 6 kinds of catechins, 4 of flavonols and 5 of phenolic acid, vitamin C, vitamin A and series of vitamin B as well as caffeine were tested. Results: The antimutagenic activities against indirect mutagen (Trp P 1) of catechins, flavonols and phenolic acids were powerful than against direct mutagen (1 NP). Contrarily vitamins inhibited 1 NP from inducing mutation more strongly than from Trp P 1, and displayed dose effect relationship. Caffeine had no mutagenesis, but it was possibly antagonistic, when mixed with catechins. Conclusion:Flavonoids are very helpful for antimutagenicity against xenobiotics, especially for indirect mutagen , and vitamins conduce to assistant and complementary functions.