小儿巨细胞病毒性肝炎治疗的临床对照研究

目的　探讨小儿巨细胞病毒 (HCMV)肝炎的有效治疗方法。方法　将诊断为小儿HCMV肝炎的 2 5例分为治疗组和对照组 ,对照组给予泼尼松、肝太乐、消炎利胆片及苯巴比妥等 ,治疗组在此基础上给予更昔洛韦 (GCV) 静脉用免疫球蛋白 (IVIG) ,分别在治疗前、出院时检查血常规、肝功能和HCMVDNA拷贝数 ,并在出院后 3个月、6个月、9个月随访 ,检查患儿的症状、体征和HCMV定量。结果　治疗组在 5个时点 (治疗前、出院时、3个月、6个月、9个月 )HCMVDNA拷贝数明显下降 ,治疗组和对照组之间用药前后比较 ,在住院天数、黄疸开始消退时间及黄疸完全消退时间的差异有显著意义 ,治疗组输血率明显减少 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　GCV联合IVIG治疗小儿HCMV肝炎能明显降低病毒量 ,缩短病程 ,减轻症状 ,又可纠正贫血 ,减少输血机会 ,未见明显副作用。

Clinical investigation on the treatment of HCMV hepatitis in children

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effective therapeutic method of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) hepatitis in children. METHODS: Twenty-five children with HCMV hepatitis were randomly assigned to a treated group (n=13) or a control group (n=12). Both groups were treated with prednisone, glucurone, luminal and Xiaoyanlidanpian. But the treated group was given ganciclovir (GCV) + intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in addition. Each infant of the two groups was checked for blood routine, liver function and HCMV copy numbers on admission and before discharge. They were seen at the third, sixth and ninth month after discharge. On each visit blood specimens were collected for HCMV copy numbers (fluorescence quantitative PCR, FQ-PCR). RESULTS: The viral load of the treated group decreased significantly. A significant difference in viral copy numbers was found between the two groups on admission, discharge, and third, sixth and ninth month after discharge (P less than 0.001). The number of HCMV DNA copy fell to 10(3) copies/ml on discharge while that of the control group fell to the same level after the third month. The differences between the two groups in the length of hospitalization, time of initial jaundice disappearance and complete disappearance were statistically significant (P less than 0.05). The need for transfusion in the treated group was significantly less than that in the control group (chi-square=4.012, P less than 0.05). CONCLUSION: Combination of GCV with a high dosage of IVIG to treat HCMV active infection could decrease viral load remarkably; The duration of disease, severity of symptoms, degree of anemia and the need for blood transfusion were reduced. No adverse effects related to the combination of GCV with IVIG therapy were observed.