Annuloplasty of the regurgitant mitral valve after myocarditis in children

Acute myocarditis is characterized by the development of rapid life-threatening congestive heart failure and arrhythmias. In many cases with hemodynamic compromise, medical therapy and mechanical support alone are not sufficient. Various surgical procedures have been tried to bridge patients with myocarditis to both transplant and recovery. Mitral regurgitation is a frequent association with end stage cardiomyopathy and predicts poor outcome. Mitral annuloplasty is well-established in adults with ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy and the results are superior to medical therapy alone and are comparable to cardiac transplantation. However, its effectiveness and use is not well-established in children with cardiomyopathy. We report our experience in two children.