异基因造血干细胞移植后急性移植物抗宿主病临床研究

目的 探讨异基因造血干细胞移植（allo-HSCT）后急性移植物抗宿主病（aGVHD）的发生及其危险因素.方法 总结2004年10月至2008年12月治疗的72例allo-HSCT患者的临床资料.回顾性分析患者各临床因素与aGVHD发生的关系.结果 32例患者发生Ⅰ～Ⅳ度aGVHD,累积发生率44.4%.其中Ⅰ度8例（11.1%）,Ⅱ度13例（18.1%）,Ⅲ度7例（9.7%）,Ⅳ度4例（5.6%）.单因素分析显示疾病种类、抗人类T淋巴细胞球蛋白（ATG）的应用、疾病状态、预处理方案、供者类型、供受者血型不合、回输CD34＋细胞数量、移植早期感染以及HLA配型均与aGVHD的发生有关（均P＜0.1）.多因素分析（COX regression）确定不含ATG的GVHD预防方案（HR=2.94,P＜0.001）、HLA配型不合（HR=2.58,P＜0.005）以及无关供者（HR=1.97,P＜0.01）是发生aGVHD的主要危险因素.结论 aGVHD是allo-HSCT的重要并发症,HLA配型不合以及无关供者是aGVHD发生的主要危险因素.

A clinical study for acute graft-versus-host disease in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Methods The clinical data of 72 cases allo-HSCT from Oct 2004 to Dec 2008 were analyzed. Thirteen factors possibly correlated with the development of aGVHD were analyzed. Results aGVHD was developed in 32 cases (44.4 %), in which grades Ⅰ aGVHD was 11.1%, gradesⅡaGVHD was 18.1%, and grades Ⅲ-Ⅳ aGVHD was 15.3 %. The univariate analysis showed that diagnosis, the status of disease, use ATG, conditioning regimen, donor type,ABO blood group disparity between donor and recipient, CD34+ cell number, early engraftment and neutropenic infection, HLA locus were associated with the occurence of aGVHD (P ＜0.1). On the COX regression mode, an increased risk of aGVHD was associated with HLA mismatch (HR =2.58, P ＜0.005), GVHD prophylaxis without ATG (HR =2.94, P ＜ 0.001), and unrelated donor (HR =1.97, P ＜0.01). Conclusion aGVHD is a common complication after allo-HSCT, and HLA mismatch and unrelated donor are independent risk factors for aGVHD.