急性白血病患者染色体核型分析

目的联合细胞形态学、免疫分型检测手段探讨染色体分析在急性白血病AL诊断及预后判断中的价值。方法 310例AL患者于治疗前采用骨髓直接法和(或)短期培养法,按常规进行染色体制备,用G显带技术分析中期细胞数10-30个,平均每例分析细胞20个,核型按《人类细胞遗传学国际命名法体制(ISCN)1995》进行描述。结果急性髓系白血病(AML)异常核型中,以t(8;21)和M2最多见,其次是t(15;17)和M3、inv(16)和M4Eo、t/del(11q23)和M5等。急性淋巴细胞系白血病(ALL)患者中异常检出率最高的是t(9;22),数目异常以超二倍体、多倍体常见。结论联合细胞形态学、免疫表型分析、染色体检查技术对于白血病的准确诊断、靶向治疗、判断预后具有重要意义。

Chromosome analysis in patients with acute leukemia

Objective Combining with morphological and immunophenotypical means,to explore the role of chromosome analysis in diagnosis and prognosis of acute leukemia（AL）.Methods A total of 310 bone marrow samples were taken at the diagnosis,the leukemic cells by using direct method or short-term culture harvested for karyotyping.For each sample,G-banding analysis was performed for 10 to 30 metaphase averaging 20 cells.According to the International System for Human Cytogenetics Nomenclature（ISCN 1995）describe karyotype.Results The most common karyotype abnormality in patients with acute myeloid leukemia（AML）was t（8;21） in M2 subtype.The next was t（15;17） in M3 subtype,inv（16） in M4Eo subtype and t/del（11q23） in M5 subtype respectively.t（9;22）was the most common change in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Structural chromosome abnormalities include hyperdiploid and polyploid change.Conclusion Morphological,immunophenotypical and chromosome techniques were useful not only for diagnosis and differentiation,but also for treatment and prognosis in these diseases.