重庆市消除碘缺乏病评估结果分析

目的评价碘缺乏病的防治效果,分析影响因素,为制定防治方案提供依据。方法各区县随机抽取9个乡镇检查居民食用盐含碘量;抽取5所小学8～10岁儿童检查甲状腺、尿碘和五年级学生碘缺乏病防治知识;查阅组织领导、防治监测、碘盐管理和健康教育资料,进行综合评分;重庆市对区县评估结果进行复核;用χ2检验作统计学分析。结果全市40个区县检查居民食用盐14217户,合格碘盐食用率为90.00%～99.72%,平均为95.90%,尿碘检测4050人,中位数为247.20μg/L,300μg/L以上占37.10%,区县中位数100～200μg/L占25%（10/40）,200～300μg/L占57.5%（23/40）,〉300μg/L占17.5%（7/40）;甲状腺检查16852人,肿大率为3.25%～9.00%,平均为5.80%;学生防治知识平均得分3.1～5.0分,平均为4.4分;防治措施综合评分为86.00～99.00分,平均为95.00分。市级复查中检查食用盐1250户,合格碘盐食用率为90.91%～100.00%,平均为96.88%;甲状腺检查16852人,肿大率触诊和B超法为5.00%～8.33%,平均分别为7.02%和6.64%;防治知识调查1366人,得分2.5～4.9分;防治措施综合评分为88.8～99.5分。结论重庆市有39个区县实现了消除碘缺乏病目标,1个县实现了基本消除碘缺乏病目标,市级层级实现了消除碘缺乏病目标,防治工作取得显著成效。但存在碘过量,须降低食盐加碘浓度。

Evaluation of elimination of iodine deficiency disorders in Chongqing municipal

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of the iodine deficiency disorders（IDD） prevention program and analyze the influencing factors.Methods The level of iodine in resident salt obtained from 9 different towns was determined.The incidence of goiter and urinary iodine of children aged 8-10 year were examined in 5 schools.The knowledge of IDD in the Grade 5 students was evaluated.The data of leadership,monitoring,iodine-salt management and health education were checked.Results were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results 14,217 resident salt samples were examined.The coverage rate of qualified iodized salt was 95.9%（90.00%-99.72%）.4,050 urine samples were analyzed.The median of urinary iodine was 247.20 μg/L,and 37.1% of the sample had a concentration over 300 μg/L.The proportion of 100-200 μg/L,200-300 μg/L and 300 μg/L at county level was 25%,57.5% and 17.5%,respectively.16,852 subjects were examined and the goiter rate was 5.8%（3.25%-9.00%）.The score of student＇s knowledge of IDD was 4.4（3.1-5.0）.The average score of control measure was 95（86-99）.1 250 resident salt samples were re-examined by the county.The coverage rate of qualified iodized salt was 96.88%（90.91%-100%）.16 852 subjects were examined and the goiter rate of palpation and B-ultrasonic examination was 7.02% and 6.64%,respectively.The score of student＇s knowledge of IDD was 2.5-4.9.The average score of control measure was 88.8-99.5.Conclusion Chongqing municipal has achieved the target of elimination of IDD at the province level.39 counties have achieved the target of elimination IDD and 1 county has achieved the target of basal level of elimination of IDD.The concentration of iodine in salt was high and the iodine concentration should be reduced.