BALB/c小鼠肥大细胞瘤/白血病模型的建立

目的研究建立BALB/c小鼠肥大细胞瘤/白血病模型。方法 BALB/c小鼠尾静脉注入小鼠肥大细胞瘤P815细胞,实验按每只小鼠接种细胞数量分为1×10^7/只组、5×10^6/只组、2.5×10^6/只组、1×10^6/只组、5×10^5/只组、1×105/只组和溶剂（RPMI1640培养液）对照组。观察小鼠的生存状态、体重及肝肺脾（重量、形态、病理）、染色体、血涂片、骨髓涂片、白细胞及血小板计数。结果注入P815细胞≥1×106/只的所有组小鼠均死亡,〈1×10^6/只的所有组生存良好,且死亡小鼠的生存时间与注入细胞数量呈负向依赖关系（P〈0.05）。死亡组小鼠体重较注射前相当或减轻、肝肺脾重较对照组及未死亡组显著增加（P〈0.05）;肝质地变硬,表面可见大量大小不一的白色结节突起,部分脾肺可见出血梗死灶,病理示肝脾有大量异形肥大细胞瘤细胞浸润;脾细胞染色体分析可见肥大细胞瘤细胞的非正常染色体核型;白细胞和血小板计数较对照组降低（P〈0.01）,血涂片可见少量肥大细胞瘤细胞,骨髓涂片示骨髓原始细胞比例增高。结论 P815细胞通过静脉注射能使BALB/c小鼠形成肥大细胞瘤/白血病,可作为肿瘤实验研究的一种模型构建方法。

Establishment of BALB/c mice mastocytoma/mast cell leukemia model

Objective To establish a mastocytoma/mast cell leukemia model using BALB/c mice.Methods Murine mastocytoma P815 cells were injected into BALB/c mice through tail vein.The animals were divided into seven groups：namely the group receiving 1×10^7,5×10^6,2.5×10^6,1×10^6,5×10^5,1×10^5 and 0（RPMI 1640 medium as control group） cells per mouse.The survival rate,appearance and pathology of lung,spleen and liver,chromosome,blood smear,and bone marrow smear were examined.The body weight and the weight of lung,spleen and liver were also measured.Results Mice receiving ≥1×10^6 cells were all survive and mice receiving 1×10^6 cells were all dead.The survival time was negatively correlated with the number of inoculated cells（P〈0.05）.The body weight of the death animals was reduced,while the weight of the liver,lung and spleen was significantly increased（P〈0.05）.The texture of livers became harder and a large number of white nodules were presented on their surface.Hemorrhages and infarctions could be seen in the lungs and spleens.Pathological examination of the liver and spleen showed many mastocytoma cells of abnormal shape.Chromosome analysis showed that P815 cells were in the spleen.WBC and platelet counts were both decreased（P〈0.01） and a few mastocytoma cells were found in the blood smears.A large number of bone marrow blast cells were found in the bone marrow smears.Conclusion Intravenous injection of P815 cells could induce mastocytoma/mast cell leukemia in BALB/c mice.It can be used as a tumor model for experimental research.