采暖期大气超细颗粒物污染浓度特征研究

目的调查我国大气污染典型地区采暖期超细颗粒物(UFPs)的污染特征,为今后开展UFPs的健康效应研究提供实验依据。方法于2017年1月2-15日在天津市中心某交通路口采用WPS-1000XP型宽范围颗粒粒度仪监测UFPs的粒数浓度、表面积浓度和质量浓度;使用DUSTMATE型手持式环境粉尘检测仪同步监测PM_(2.5)和PM_1的质量浓度。结果监测点采暖期PM_(0.5)和UFPs粒数浓度最高可达33 484粒/cm~3和22 461粒/cm~3,平均水平分别为19 185粒/cm~3和13 184粒/cm~3;UFPs表面积浓度最高可达264.2μm~2/cm~3,平均水平为126.69μm~2/cm~3;UFPs质量浓度最高观测到3.2μg/m~3,平均水平为1.6μg/m~3;PM_(2.5)和PM_1最高质量浓度分别可达600.0μg/m~3和201.6μg/m~3,平均水平分别为96.94μg/m~3和45.33μg/m~3;相关性分析显示,在8:30这一时刻UFPs粒数浓度与PM_(2.5)质量浓度呈负相关。结论监测点采暖期UFPs污染水平较高,有必要针对UFPs开展长期监测及健康危害研究。

Pollution Concentrations of Ambient Ultrafine Particles During Heating Period

Objective To investigate the pollution concentrations of ambient ultrafine particles (UFPs) in typical areas of atmospheric pollution in China so as to provide experimental data for the study on health effects of UFPs exposure.Methods WPS -1000XP wide range particle spectrometer to monitor number concentrations,surface area concentrations and mass concentrations of UFPs between January and February 15,2017 in the center of Tianjin while DUSTMATE handheld environmental dust detectors were used to monitor the concentrations of PM2.5 and PM1.Results The highest number concentrations of PM0.5 and UFPs were up to 33 484/cm3 and 22 461/cm3 respectively,the average concentrations of PM0.5 and UFPs were 19 185/cm3 and 13 184/cm3respectively,and the highest surface area concentrations of UFPs were 264.2 μm2/cm3,with an average level of 126.69 m2/cm3.The maximum mass concentration of UFPs was 3.2 μg/m3,while the average concentration was 1.6 μg/m3.The mass concentrations of PM2.5 and PM1 were up to 600.0 μg/m3 and 201.6 μg/m3 respectively,and the average concentrations were 96.94 μg/m3 and 45.33 μg/m3 respectively.The mass concentrations of PM2.5 were inversely correlated with the number concentrations of UFPs at 8:30 a.m.Conclusion The pollution level of UFPs at the monitoring site in the heating period is high,so it is necessary to monitor UFPs chronically and investigate the health risks of UFPs.