孕期血糖逆向增高与妊娠结局的关系研究

目的 探讨孕期75g葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)结果逆向增高与妊娠结局的关系.方法 采用回顾性分析的研究方法,收集2014年南方医科大学珠江医院常规产检及分娩的孕产妇资料,选取服糖后2h血糖高于1h血糖者226例为观察组,随机抽取同期分娩的无妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)及糖尿病者235例为对照组.结果 观察组OGTT结果空腹血糖、服糖后1h血糖均低于对照组,而服糖后2h血糖高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01).观察组羊水过多、羊水过少、胎儿生长受限(FGR)、早产、妊娠合并高血压疾病、胎膜早破、胎死宫内、非疤痕子宫剖宫产的发生率以及新生儿发育异常率、窒息率均高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).对照组新生儿转科率低于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 孕期OGTT结果逆向增高者存在血糖代谢延迟,可能影响新生儿的远期预后,临床上应加强对该部分孕妇的孕期管理.

Correlation of reversely increased level of plasma glucose during pregnancy to the pregnancy outcome

Objective To explore the correlation of the reversely increased results of 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during pregnancy to the pregnancy outcome, so as to provide a reliable theoretical basis of the early intervention for the pregnant women with high plasma glucose.Methods The clinical data of 461 cases were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were chosen from the pregnant women undergoing routine antenatal examination in our hospital during 2014. According to the results of 75g OGTT, 226 patients were analyzed as the observation group, in whom the level of postprandial 2-hour plasma glucose was higher than that of postprandial 1-hour plasma glucose. Meanwhile 235 pregnant women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were randomly selected as the control group.Results The levels of fasting plasma glucose and 1-hour postprandial plasma glucose were lower, but those of 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose was higher in observation group than in control group (P<0.01). No statistical difference existed between the two groups (P>0.05) in the incidences of polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, fetal growth restriction (FGR), premature labor (PTL), pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), complicated with premature rupture of membrane (PROM), intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) and non scar uterus cesarean section rate (CSR). Compared with the observation group, the rates of neonatal dysplasia and neonatal asphyxia and the newborn transfer rate were lower in the control group, of which the newborn transfer rate was statistically different (P<0.01).Conclusions There might be a delayed plasma glucose metabolism in the patients with reversely increased result of 75g OGTT during pregnancy, which may affect the long-term prognosis of the newborn. Therefore, more attention should be paid to such patients with reversely increased result of 75g OGTT.