长沙市肾移植受者健康素养现状及其影响因素

目的了解肾移植受者肾移植相关健康素养的现状,并分析肾移植术后患者健康素养的影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法,选择2016年8-12月长沙市3所三级甲等医院门诊随访及住院的163例肾移植术后患者为研究对象。采用自行编制的一般资料调查表、中文版成人快速健康素养评估量表对其进行调查。结果肾移植患者的健康素养得分为(62.32±8.74)分,其中128例(78.53%)患者处于健康素养充足水平,25例(15.34%)患者处于健康素养临界水平,10例(6.13%)患者处于健康素养缺乏水平。最不熟悉的10个肾移植相关词汇分别是:雷帕霉素(西罗莫司)、谷浓度、血管性疾病、不依从、延迟恢复、敏感性、器官获取、三酰甘油、环孢素和病理检查。多元线性回归分析显示,受教育程度、移植肾等待时间以及移植术后时间对肾移植相关健康素养有影响。结论肾移植术后患者的健康素养水平整体不高,受教育程度越高、移植肾等待时间越长以及移植术后时间越短,患者移植相关性健康素养水平越高。

A Study on the Status and Influencing Factors of Health Literacy among Renal Transplantation Recipients in Changsha

Objective To investigate the status of transplant-related health literacy among renal transplant recipients,and to analyze the influencing factors of health literacy.Methods By convenience sampling,163 cases were selected and investigated by using a self-designed questionnaire and Chinese version of Adults health literacy assessment scale.Results The score of health literacy was (62 .32 ± 8 .74 ),in which 128 (78 .53 %) renal recipients had adequate health literacy ,and 25 (15 .34 %) patients had marginal and 10 (6 .13 %)had inadequate health literacy levels.The top-ten unrecognized or unfamiliar words were:rapamycin (Ciro Mo S ),trough level,vascular disease,compliance,delayed recovery,sensitivity,organ acquisition,triglyceride,cyclosporine and pathological examination.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,waiting time,and the time after transplantation had influence on the health literacy.Conclusion The level of health literacy among renal transplant patients is inadequate.Patients with higher education level,longer waiting time,and shorter time after transplantation,have higher the level of health literacy.