特勤疗养员生活习惯和健康素养现状

目的 对来本院疗养特勤疗养员生活习惯与健康素养现状进行初步调查,为特勤疗养员的健康管理方案的制定提供科学依据.方法 采用我国现行的健康体检自测问卷专家共识作为本次调查问卷,对2015年7-12月期间来本院的250名特勤疗养员采用普查的方法进行问卷调查,在Epidata 3.1中双录入核查,用SPSS 19.0进行统计分析.结果 在250名调查对象中,全部为男性(群体特点),年龄分布:31.68±5.36岁,最大为49岁,最小为19岁;学历分布:大学本科/大专:140人(56%),研究生及以上:16人(6.4%);生活习惯现状:吸烟,饮酒在不同年龄组吸烟情况不全相同,差异有统计学意义(χ12=14.764,χ22=27.014,P<0.05);锻炼情况在不同年龄组的锻炼分布情况差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.318,P>0.05);健康知识知晓情况:主动获取医疗保健知识与从不主动获取知识的在不同年龄组分布构成比上差异有统计学意义(χ2=17.330,P<0.01);做完问卷后,有128人(51.2%)认为自己身体健康状况一般.结论 特勤疗养员中存在不良生活习惯,缺乏良好全面的健康素养,疗养院等相关机构有必要加强健康保健知识的宣教,多部门齐抓共管,综合治理,促使疗养员具备全面良好的健康素养,养成并保持良好的生活习惯,定期组织疗养员进行健康查体,针对不同知识结构、不同学历水平、身体健康等方面存在的具体问题制定出个体化的健康管理方案,加强教育,提高素质,从而提高健康素养,提高战斗力.

Investigation and Analysis of Living Habits and Health Literacy of Special Recuperation Agents in the Sanatorium

Objective To explore the living habits and health literacy of special recuperation agents in the sanatorium and to provide scientific basis for establishing health management solutions in the future.Methods The health check-up questionnaire was used to survey the living habits and health literacy of special agents in the sanatorium.We applied questionnaire investigation on the secret service from July 2015 to October 2015.Double-check was made by Epidata 3.1, and the data were analyed by SPSS 19.0.Results The age in the study group (all men) ranged from 49 years old to 19 years old (31.68±5.36 years old).Most people had bachelor's degree, accounting for 56%.Living habits: smoking, alcohol in different age groups were not the same, and the difference was statistically significant (χ12=14.764,χ22=27.014, P<0.05);exercise in different age groups showed no difference (χ2=5.318, P>0.05);health literacy: take the initiative to acquire knowledge of health care and never take the initiative to acquire knowledge in different age groups, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=17.330, P<0.01);after finishing the questionnaire, 128 people (51.2%) believed that their health conditions were not very good.Conclusion Bad habits widely exist in special recuperation service.They lack comprehensive health literacy.It is necessary for army sanatorium and related institutions to strengthen health-related knowledge education.Multidisciplinary efforts should be made to promote comprehensive management so that they can acquire comprehensive health literacy, develop and maintain a good living habit, and organize physical examination regularly for special recuperation service.In view of the specific knowledge structure,education level and health problems,we should make individualized health management solutions,strengthen education and improve quality to enhance health literacy and combat effectiveness.