不同作训任务对常驻高原官兵静息状态下生理生化指标的影响

目的 了解高原低氧环境对不同作训任务官兵静息状态下生理生化指标的影响.方法 将常驻高原官兵分为驻营区官兵(海拔4030m和4600m)和野外驻训官兵(海拔4300m),对驻营区官兵和野外驻训30d的官兵进行生理生化指标检测,包括心率(HR)、血压、血氧饱和度(SpO2)、血红蛋白(Hb)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、白球比值(A/G)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)以及AST/ALT比值.结果 驻训官兵HR(82.25±14.10次/min)明显高于驻营区官兵(74.18±9.02次/min,P＜0.01),其SpO2(88.25％±2.41％)明显低于驻营区官兵(89.38％±2.44％,P＜0.05),两单位人员的血压差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).驻训官兵Hb含量(211.6±17.4g/L)明显高于驻营区官兵(199.3±22.7g/L,P＜0.001),其高原红细胞增多症患病率(55.6％)明显高于驻营区官兵(25.7％,P＜0.001).驻营区官兵和驻训官兵的血清蛋白质含量均充足,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).驻训官兵的血脂异常患病率(70.5％)明显高于驻营区官兵(34.0％,P＜0.001),其中驻训官兵的HDL-C含量(0.81±0.21nmol/L)明显低于驻营区官兵(1.01±0.27nmol/L,P＜0.001),其低HDL-C血症患病率(65.9％)明显高于驻营区官兵(29.8％,P＜0.001),驻训官兵和驻营区官兵的TC、TG、LDL-C含量及异常率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).驻训官兵LDH含量(273.70±136.74U/L)明显高于驻营区官兵(205.19±77.94U/L,P＜0.01),其LDH异常率(72.7％)也明显高于驻营区官兵(51.1％,P＜0.05).结论 高原驻训官兵蛋白质营养充足,但高原红细胞增多症、低HDL-C血症患病率和LDH异常率高于驻营区官兵,严重威胁着驻训官兵的身体健康,常驻高原官兵应适当调整饮食结构和科学安排训练强度,定期体检,做到早预防早治疗.

Analysis of physiology and biochemistry indicators of garrison and field training troops at high altitude

Objective To investigate the effects of plateau hypoxia environment on the physiology and biochemistry indicators of troops executing different combat mission.Methods Troops included the soldiers in camp (station altitude 4030m and 4600m) and those soldiers in field training (altitude 4300m) for one month.Blood samples were collected and the physiology and biochemistry indicators were detected including heart rate (HR),blood pressure (BP),oxygen saturation (SpO2) and the concentrations of hemoglobin (Hb),serum total protein (TP),albumin (ALB) and globulin (GLB),the ratio of albumin and globulin (A/G),concentrations of total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),creatine kinase (CK),lactic dehydrogenase (LDH),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and AST/ALT.Results The HR was significantly higher in soldiers of field training (82.25 ± 14.10 beats/min) than in soldiers stationed in camp (74.18 ± 9.02 beats/min,P＜0.01),while the oxygen saturation was obviously lower in the former (88.25％ ± 2.41％) than in the latter (89.38％ ± 2.44％,P＜0.05).The BP between the two groups showed no significant difference (P＞0.05).The concentration of Hb and the prevalence of plateau polycythemia were significantly higher in soldiers of field training (211.6 ± 17.4g/L and 55.6％) than in soldiers stationed in camp (199.3 ± 22.7g/L and 25.7％,P＜0.001).The concentrations of serum protein were both sufficient in the two groups.The prevalence of dyslipidemia was obviously higher in soldiers of field training (70.5％) than in soldiers stationed in camp (34.0％,P＜0.001),the concentration of HDL-C was significantly lower and the prevalence of low HDL-C blood disease was markedly higher in the former (0.81 ± 0.21nmol/L and 65.9％) than in the latter (1.01 ± 0.27nmol/L and 29.8％,P＜0.001).No significant differences were observed in the concentrations of TC,TG and LDL-C between the two groups (P＞0.05).The concentration of serum LDH was significantly higher and the abnormality rate of LDH was also higher in soldiers of field training (273.70 ± 136.74U/L and 72.7％) than in soldiers stationed in camp (205.19 ± 77.94 U/L and 51.1％,P＜0.01 and P＜0.05).Conclusions The protein nutrition in plateau soldiers is sufficient,but the prevalence of plateau polycythemia,dyslipidemia and the abnormality rate of LDH were higher in soldiers of field training than in soldiers stationed in camp.Regular physical examination should be taken into consideration,early prevention and treatment is also important.