80例乳房再造术后并发症临床分析

目的　对应用不同术式行乳房再造术的 80例患者进行分析讨论。方法　从皮瓣坏死率、腹壁疝发生率、腹壁张力、感觉等分析了应用假体 ,背阔肌肌皮瓣 (latissimusdorsimusculocutaneousflap ,LDFM瓣 )、带蒂横行腹直肌肌皮瓣 (transverserectusabdominismusculocutaneousflap ,TRAM瓣 )、臀大肌肌皮瓣 (gluteusmaximmusculocutaneousflap ,GMM瓣 )、腹壁下动脉穿支皮瓣 (deepinferiorepigastricarteryperforatorflap ,DIEP瓣 )等方法并发症产生的原因及预防措施。结果　LDFM瓣最主要的并发症是血清肿 (12 5 % )。LDFM、TRAM、DIEP三者中TRAM瓣坏死率最高 (2 6 % ) ,1例GMM瓣再造后皮瓣部分坏死 ,19例应用假体者包膜挛缩率为 2 1%。结论　乳房再造的并发症与选择的术式有关 ,术者应熟悉乳房再造的各种皮瓣的解剖 ,尽量应用自体组织再造乳房。

Clinical analysis of 80 cases of breast reconstruction

Objective To summarize the reasons for the complications after breast reconstruction. Methods The reasons for the complications after breast reconstruction were analyzed in flap necrosis,abdominal wall laxity or hernia and seroma. Results The partial necrosis rate of LDF,TRAM and DIEP was 7.5%,26% and 14.2% respectively. The total flap necrosis rate in DIEP was 7.1%. In 19 cases using breast prosthesis,the capsular contracture rate was 21%. Conclusions The key to reduce the complications is proper selection of an operative method and the indications. The plastic surgeon should be qualified and with better comprehension of the knowledge about breast reconstruction. ;