基孔肯雅病毒实验诊断进展

基孔肯雅病毒属于披膜病毒科甲病毒属,主要通过携带病毒的蚊媒叮咬感染人类引起基孔肯雅热,表现为自限性发热、皮疹、肌痛、关节痛,其中关节疼痛可延续数月至数年,甚至导致关节畸形。由于基孔肯雅病毒与登革病毒、寨卡病毒等虫媒病毒具有相同的传播媒介,且急性期临床症状相似,但治疗原则与疾病结局完全不同,因此,实验室的确切诊断是基孔肯雅热防治的关键。本文就近几年基孔肯雅病毒在实验室诊断方面的进展作一综述。

Progress of chikungunya virus in laboratory diagnosis

Chikungunya virus, the causative agent for chikungunya fever, belongs to the Togaviridae family and genus of Alphavirus. It mainly infects human through the bites of mosquitoes carrying the virus, causing chikungunya fever. It is characterized by self-limiting fever, rash, myalgia, and joint pain, in which joint pain could last for months to years leading to joint disabilities. Since chikungunya virus has the same vectors with arboviruses such as dengue virus and Zika virus, and can lead to similar clinical symptoms in the acute phase, while the treatment principles and disease outcomes are completely different among these viruses, the exact laboratory diagnosis is the key for prevention and control of chikungunya. This article reviews the progress of laboratory diagnosis for chikungunya virus in recent years.