不同程度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的相关因素

目的探讨不同程度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的高危因素。方法回顾性分析2016年3月至2018年3月解放军总医院睡眠医学中心OSAHS患者190例,根据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数分为轻度组54例(5~15次/h)、中度组(16~30次/h)57例和重度组(>30次/h)79例,比较3组患者便携式睡眠呼吸监测(PM)结果,多分类logistic回归分析不同程度OSAHS的危险因素。应用SPSS 22.0统计软件对数据进行分析。依据数据类型采用单因素方差分析或χ2检验进行组间比较。结果3组患者睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数、最低血氧饱和度、平均血氧饱和度、氧减指数和呼吸暂停次数差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多分类logistic回归分析结果表明年龄40~50岁是轻度和重度OSAHS的危险因素OR=5.740,95%CI 1.657~19.930,P=0.006;OR=0.120,95%CI 0.025~0.575,P=0.008]。年龄>50岁是轻度OSAHS的危险因素OR=3.325,95%CI 1.036~10.674;P=0.043]。颈围是不同程度OSAHS的危险因素。体质量指数是中度和重度OSAHS的危险因素OR=0.832,95%CI 0.694~0.996,P=0.045;OR=0.903,95%CI 0.777~1.051,P=0.018]。结论颈围是不同程度OSAHS的危险因素,体质量指数与OSAHS患者病情加重相关,密切关注它们对控制OSAHS病情具有重要意义。

Related factors of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome at different severities

Objective To investigate the high-risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out in 190 OSAHS patients admitted in the sleep medical center from March 2016 to March 2018. According to their apnea hypopnea index (AHI), they were divided into mild group (5-15 times/h, n=54), moderate group (16-30 times/h, n=57) and severe group (>30 times/h, n=79). The results of portable sleep breath monitoring (PM) were compared among the 3 groups, and the risk factors of OSAHS at different severities were analyzed by multinomial logistic regression. SPSS statistics 22.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis. Analysis of variance or Chi-square test was employed in intergroup com-parison for different data types. Results Significant differences were found in AHI, minimum oxygen saturation, mean oxygen saturation, oxygen reduction index and number of apnea among the 3 groups (P<0.05). Multinominal logistic regression analysis showed that age at 40-50 years was the risk factor for mild and severe OSAHS (OR=5.740,95%CI 1.657-19.930, P=0.006; OR=0.120, 95%CI 0.025-0.575, P=0.008). Age >50 years was the risk factor of mild OSAHS (OR=3.325,95%CI 1.036-10.674, P=0.043). Neck circumference was a risk factor for OSAHS at all severities. Body mass index (BMI) was a risk factor for moderate and severe OSAHS (OR=0.832,95%CI 0.694-0.996, P=0.045; OR=0.903,95%CI 0.777-1.051, P=0.018).Conclusion Neck circumference is a risk factor of OSAHS at all severities. BMI is associated with the aggravation of OSAHS. Close attention should be paid to them for the control of OSAHS.