短期酸碱雾气暴露对作业工人肺功能的影响

目的：探讨短期接触酸碱雾气对作业工人肺功能的影响。方法：选择318名短期接触酸碱雾气工人（酸碱组）和88名非接触工人（对照组）进行问卷调查和肺功能测定，以FEV1／FVC％〈70％，FEVt％〈80％为怖功能异常标准。结果：在肺功能正常的情况F，无论吸烟否，酸碱组的第1秒用力肺活量（FEV1）（3．82±0．49／3．75±0．49）、用力肺活量（FVC）（4．35±0．56／4．23±0．57）均高于对照组FEV。（3．59±O．43／3．48±0．45）、FVC（4.00±0．44／3．87±0．44），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；酸碱组中亚组分析显示，FEV，／FVC〈80％亚组的FEV1、FEV1／FVC％低于FEV1／FVC≥80％亚组，而FVC相反，若同时有吸烟，则同时存在MMEF、PEFR、MVV、FEF25％～75％降低，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：短期接触酸碱雾气可致作业工人大气道功能代偿性增加，但若同时有吸烟，则存在小气道气流受限。

Effects of short-term exposure of acid-base mist on lung function of exposed workers

Objective： To evaluate the effects of acid-base mist on pulmonary function parameters in short- term exposed workers. Methods： 318 exposed male workers （exposure group, EG） and 88 control workers without exposure （control group, CG） were selacted.Questionnaires were surveyed and pulmonary functions were wxamined. Results： FEV 1 and FVC in EG were higher than those in CG regardless of smoking or not （P 〈 0.05）; a further analysis of subgroups of EG showed that the parameters FVC,hat is,FEV1, （FEV1,FEV1/FVC%,MMEF,PEFR, MVV and FEF25%-75% were lowered in smoking subgroup with FEV1/FVC〈80% （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions： After a short-term acid-base exposure, there is compensatory increase in large airway function, while airflow limitation exits in small airway if smoking.