一期翻修术治疗全膝关节置换术后感染

目的 报告全膝关节置换(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)术后感染一期翻修术的方法,分析其近期随访疗效.方法 2005年4月至2009年12月施行TKA术后感染一期翻修术22例,其中资料完整的随访6个月以上的患者16例,男5例,女11例;年龄49～75岁,平均65岁.均明确诊断为单侧TKA术后关节腔内感染.慢性感染(Ⅲ型)14例,迟发血源性感染(Ⅳ型)2例.术前美国膝关节协会评分(Knee Society Score,KSS)的功能评分平均为(37.25±16.23)分.翻修距初次手术时间为2～73个月,平均23.9个月.术中彻底清除肉芽坏死组织及瘢痕,用碘伏浸泡伤口,脉冲冲洗.14例骨缺损严重者采用带延长柄髁限制型假体,2例采用表面假体,抗生素骨水泥固定.结果 随访6～59个月,平均25个月.1例手术失败,分析原因可能与清创不彻底有关,8个月后行二期再翻修.1例于术后9个月出现局部疼痛,红细胞沉降率和C反应蛋白增高,经抗生素治疗1个月后疼痛消失,实验室检查恢复正常.其余14例在随访期间均无感染复发或再感染.末次随访时KSS功能评分平均(85.88±12.85)分,患者满意率87.5%(KSS功能评分75分以上,14/16).结论 对TKA术后感染患者行一期翻修术,经术中彻底清创,牢固固定假体及正确使用抗生素,术后平均2年的随访疗效良好,具有治疗周期短、费用低的特点,患者满意度高.但其中长期结果还需进一步随访观察.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the short term clinical results of single-stage revision for infected total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods Twenty-two unilateral infected TKA were revised through onestage implant exchange using antibiotics loaded cement from April 2005 to December 2009. Sixteen patients who were followed up at least 6 months were included in this study. There were 5 male and 11 female with the mean age of 65 years old (range 49 to 75) in this group. Fourteen patients were diagnosed as late chronic infection (＞ 4 weeks) and 2 cases as hematogenous spread delayed infection. The average Knee Society Score (KSS) functional score was 37.25±16.23. The average time from primary arthroplasty to revision was 23.9months (range 2 to 73). During the operation, the inflammatory, necrotic and scar tissue must be removed radically. Constrained condyle knee (CCK) prosthesis with stem were used in 14 cases with severe bone loss and primary prosthesis were used in 2 cases. All cases were fixed with antibiotics-loaded cement. Results All cases were followed up for the average 25 months (range 6 to 59 months), Infection recurred in one case who had to undergo another two-stage revision. One case who complained of local knee pain with elevated ESR and CRP 9 months postoperatively responded to appropriate one-month course of antibiotic therapy. The average KSS functional score was 85.88±12.85 and the satisfactory rate was 87.5% at last follow-up. Conclusion Good outcomes can be reached by radical debridement, correct choice of implant, careful perioperative management, and effective antibiotics in single-stage revision for infected TKA.

Single-stage revision for treatment of infected total knee arthroplasty

Objective To evaluate the short term clinical results of single-stage revision for infected total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods Twenty-two unilateral infected TKA were revised through onestage implant exchange using antibiotics loaded cement from April 2005 to December 2009. Sixteen patients who were followed up at least 6 months were included in this study. There were 5 male and 11 female with the mean age of 65 years old (range 49 to 75) in this group. Fourteen patients were diagnosed as late chronic infection (＞ 4 weeks) and 2 cases as hematogenous spread delayed infection. The average Knee Society Score (KSS) functional score was 37.25±16.23. The average time from primary arthroplasty to revision was 23.9months (range 2 to 73). During the operation, the inflammatory, necrotic and scar tissue must be removed radically. Constrained condyle knee (CCK) prosthesis with stem were used in 14 cases with severe bone loss and primary prosthesis were used in 2 cases. All cases were fixed with antibiotics-loaded cement. Results All cases were followed up for the average 25 months (range 6 to 59 months), Infection recurred in one case who had to undergo another two-stage revision. One case who complained of local knee pain with elevated ESR and CRP 9 months postoperatively responded to appropriate one-month course of antibiotic therapy. The average KSS functional score was 85.88±12.85 and the satisfactory rate was 87.5% at last follow-up. Conclusion Good outcomes can be reached by radical debridement, correct choice of implant, careful perioperative management, and effective antibiotics in single-stage revision for infected TKA.