截肢病人创伤后应激障碍相关因素分析及心理干预的研究

目的探讨截肢病人创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）相关因素及心理干预的影响。方法选取近8年我科行截肢手术后40例PTSD病人,随机分为两组,每组20例进行研究,对照组只进行常规心理支持,干预组行心理干预,包括心理危机干预法和放松训练法等,本研究通过用汉密顿焦虑评量表（HAMA）在入院3d内进行评估,焦虑分数均〉14分,比较2组患者出院前2d的焦虑程度。结果入选病例中轻度11例,中重度29例,行心理干预后,患者的心理自评有很大改善,统计学有显著差异（P〈0.05）。结论 PTSD与病人对疾病认识不足、截肢术导致残障状态和生活方式的改变、社会支持不足、社会应对不良等因素相关。心理干预能够改善患者心理状态,减轻压力,应加强对病人及家属的健康教育,提高病人自我效能感,以降低或减少PTSD症状发生。

The Research of Amputation Patient Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Correlation Factor and Mental Intervention

Objective To approach amputation of post-traumatic stress disorder patients（PTSD）-related factors and the impact of psychological intervention.Methods Select the last 8 years,our department 40 cases of post-operative Bank amputation patients with PTSD,Were randomly divided into two groups,each group studied 20 patients in the control group only routine psychological support,the intervention group line psychological intervention,including psychological crisis intervention and relaxation training,and so on,this study by using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale（HAMA） in the hospital 3 day within the assessment,anxiety scores were 14 points,two patients compared 2 day prior to discharge levels of anxiety.Results Selected cases,11 cases of mild,moderate or severe in 29 cases,rows of psychological intervention,the patient＇s psychological self-assessment have been greatly improved,statistically significant difference（P〈0.05）.Conclusion PTSD and patient lack of knowledge of the disease,amputation led to disability status and lifestyle changes,lack of social support,negative social response to such factors as related.Psychological intervention can improve patient psychological state,reducing stress,should strengthen the health education of patients and their families,improved patient self-efficacy in order to reduce or reduce PTSD symptoms.