中学生强迫症的认知倾向、D型人格与家庭环境的关系

目的探讨强迫症中学生认知倾向、D型人格与家庭环境的关系。方法采用认知倾向问卷（CAOT）、D型人格量表（Ds）及家庭环境量表（H强）对119例中学生强迫症和108名健康对照者进行评定，比较两组认知倾向、D型人格和家庭环境各因子得分的差异，并对不同年级、不同年龄段强迫症学生各因子得分进行比较，并进行统计学处理及相关分析。结果1．强迫症组认知倾向两因子分及总分低于对照组（P均〈0．01）；D型人格两因子分高于对照组（P〈0.01）；家庭环境中亲密度、成功型、知识性等因子得分低于对照组（P〈0．01），矛盾性因子分高于对照组（P〈0．01）。2．强迫症组初中学生乐观因子得分高于高中学生（P〈0．05）；D型人格消极情感、社会抑制得分低于高中学生（P〈O．01，0．05）；家庭环境中知识性、道德观得分高于高中学生得分（P〈0．01）。3．相关分析发现，乐观因子与消极情感、社会抑制因子呈显著负相关（r=一0．71。0．50P均〈0．01）；与矛盾性呈显著负相关（r=-0．29P〈0．01），与家庭亲密度、知识性、娱乐性等因子呈显著正相关（r=0．36，0．31，0．38P均〈0.01）。消极情感与社会抑制呈显著正相关（r=0．59P〈0．01）；与家庭亲密度呈负相关（r=-0．36P〈0．01）；与矛盾性呈正相关（r=0．25P〈0．01）。结论中学生强迫症的认知倾向、D型人格与家庭环境因素相互影响，认知倾向可能作为中介发挥作用。

Relationship of Cognitive Style,Type D Personality and Family Environment of Middle School Students with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Objective To explore the relationship among cognitive style,type D personality and family environment in middle school students with obsessive-compulsive disorder.Methods One hundred and nineteen middle school students with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 108 normal controls were investigated with cognitive appraisal orientation test(CAOT),type D personality scale(DS)and family environment scale(FES)respectively,all variables of two groups were compared,t-test,correlation analysis were adopted.Results 1.The scores of obsessive-compulsive patients were lower than those of normal controls in total and two factors of CAOT and parts of FES(all P<0.01);but higher than those of normal controls in total and two factors of DS and conflict factor(all P <0.01).2.In OCD group,the scores of lower grade students were higher than those of upper grade students in optimism(all P<0.01),it were higher in intellectual and morality(all P <0.01),but lower in negtive affect(NA) and social inhibition(SI)(P <0.01).3.The study showed significantly negative correlation between optimism and NA,SI,conflict(r=-0.75,-0.50,-0.29 all P <0.01),and significantly positive correlation between optimism and cohesion(r=0.36 P <0.01),and significantly positive correlation between NA and SI(r=0.59 P<0.01),negative correlation between NA and cohesion(r=-0.36 P<0.01).Conclusion Cognitive style,type D personality and family environment possibly play important roles on occurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in middle school students,cognitive style as a medium participated in obsessive-compulsive disorder.