吗啡联合小剂量阿片受体拮抗剂应用研究进展

吗啡是临床常用的强效阿片类镇痛药，临床应用中出现恶心、呕吐、镇静、瘙痒、便秘、尿潴留、呼吸抑制等副作用，长期应用又出现耐受和依赖。大剂量阿片受体拮抗剂能拮抗吗啡所产生的全部效应，而小剂量的阿片受体拮抗剂不仅能减少或减轻吗啡所致的副作用，还能增强吗啡的镇痛效能。本文就小剂量阿片受体拮抗剂与吗啡的联合应用、小剂量阿片受体拮抗剂增强吗啡镇痛效能、减弱吗啡耐受和依赖的作用机制，以及拮抗副作用等方面的研究进展进行综述。

Progress in the study of combining morphine and low-dose opioid receptor antagonists

Although morphine is the most effective opioid analgesics, the most widely clinical use has been limited by morphine-induced adverse effects, such as nausea and ,vomiting, pruritus, constipation,urinary retention, drowsiness and respiratory depression. Tolerance/dependence liability also appears during chronic opioid administration , Large-dose opioid receptors, antagonists can reverse all effects of morphine. Low-dose opioid receptor antagonists not only decrease side-effects induced by morphine, but also enhance the analgesic efficacy of morphine. This article is a review of the progress in the study of potentiation of analgesic effect, attenuation of tolerance/dependence and reversal of sideeffect of morphine,induced by low-dose opioid receptor antagonists .