First molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium and Giardia from Bubalus bubalis (water buffalo) in Victoria,Australia |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Scott-Ritchey Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL, USA;2. Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, AL, USA;3. Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;4. VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;5. VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA;6. Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;1. Energy Flagship, CSIRO, Perth, Australia;2. Applied and Environmental Geophysics Group, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;3. Department of Exploration Geophysics, Curtin University, Perth, Australia;4. Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y Geofísicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, and CONICET, Argentina;1. College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Lanzhou 730046, China;3. Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Yunnan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;4. Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou 225009, China |
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| Abstract: | We conducted a molecular epidemiological survey of Cryptosporidium and Giardia from Bubalus bubalis (water buffalo) on two extensive farms (450 km apart) in Victoria, Australia. Faecal samples (n = 476) were collected from different age groups of water buffalo at two time points (six months apart) and tested using a PCR-based mutation scanning-targeted sequencing-phylogenetic approach, employing markers within the small subunit of ribosomal RNA (designated pSSU) and triose phosphate isomerase (ptpi) genes. Based on pSSU data, Cryptosporidium parvum, Cryptosporidium bovis and Cryptosporidium genotypes 1, 2 (each 99% similar genetically to Cryptosporidium ryanae) and 3 (99% similar to Cryptosporidium suis) were detected in two (0.4%), one (0.2%), 38 (8.0%), 16 (3.4%) and one (0.2%) of the 476 samples tested, respectively. Using ptpi, Giardia duodenalis assemblages A and E were detected in totals of 56 (11.8%) and six (1.3%) of these samples, respectively. Cryptosporidium was detected on both farms, whereas Giardia was detected only on farm B, and both genera were detected in 1.5% of all samples tested. The study showed that water buffaloes on these farms excreted C. parvum and/or G. duodenalis assemblage A, which are consistent with those found in humans, inferring that these particular pathogens are of zoonotic significance. Future work should focus on investigating, in a temporal and spatial manner, the prevalence and intensity of such infections in water buffaloes in various geographical regions in Australia and in other countries. |
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| Keywords: | Single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis Restriction endonuclease fingerprinting (REF) Zoonotic potential |
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