戒断期海洛因依赖者对吸毒相关环境线索的生理反应

目的:了解戒断期海洛因依赖者在环境线索诱发下生理指标变化特点。方法:采用自身配对设计,指导382名戒断康复期的海洛因依赖者进行放松训练后观看吸毒相关视频并展示海洛因模拟物及吸毒用具,用多导联生物反馈仪记录环境线索暴露前后的生理指标,并评估暴露前后的心理渴求程度,分析心理渴求程度与生理指标的变化特点。结果:海洛因相关环境线索暴露后受试者的心理渴求程度增加(17.6 mm±s21.7 mm vs 28.7 mm±s28.9mm,t=11.6,P<0.001);与诱发前比较,诱发后瞳孔变大(2.6 mm±s0.6 mm vs 2.8 mm±s0.6 mm,P<0.001)、心率加快(74.4次.min-1±s9.5次.min-1vs 77.1次.min-1±s10.4次.min-1,P<0.001)、血容搏动增加(74.2次.min-1±s9.4次.min-1vs 76.5次.min-1±s9.6次.min-1,P<0.001)、收缩压(131.7 mmHg±s15.2 mmHgvs 137.0 mmHg±s17.0 mmHg,P<0.001)和舒张压(84.6 mmHg±s10.1 mmHg vs 88.6 mmHg±s10.6 mmHg,P<0.001)升高,而呼吸频率减慢(14.6次.min-1±s1.8次.min-1vs 14.2次.min-1±s1.7次.min-1,P<0.001)、皮肤温度降低(32.3℃±s2.7℃vs 32.2℃±s2.8℃,P<0.001)。结论:戒断期海洛因依赖者暴露在吸毒相关线索下导致心理渴求增加,并出现心理生理反应。

PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS TO HEROIN-RELATED CUES IN ABSTINENT HEROIN DEPENDENT PATIENTS

Objective:To understand the characteristics of physiological reactions to heroin related cues in abstinent heroin dependent patients.Methods:In a self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients were exposed to videotapes of heroin using and simulacrum after self relaxation.The physiological reactions were measured by multi-biofeedback instrument before,during and after cue exposures.Results:The self-reported scores of craving were increased after cue exposures compared to the scores before cue exposures(17.6 mm±s 21.7 mm vs 28.7 mm±s 28.9 mm,t=11.6,P<0.001).For physiological reactions,the heart rates(74.4 beats·min-1±s 9.5 beats·min-1 vs 77.1 beats·min-1±s 10.4 beats·min-1,P<0.001),blood volume pulse(BVP,74.2 beats·min-1±s 9.4 beats·min-1 vs 76.5 beats·min-1±s 9.6 beats·min-1,P<0.001),systolic blood pressure(SBP,131.7 mmHg±s 15.2 mmHg vs 137.0 mmHg±s 17.0 mmHg,P<0.001),diastolic blood prssure(DBP,84.6 mmHg±s 10.1 mmHg vs 88.6 mmHg±s 10.6 mmHg,P<0.001),and diameters of pupils(2.6 mm±s 0.6 mm vs 2.8 mm±s 0.6 mm,P<0.001)all increased after being exposed to drug related cues.On the other hand,the temperature of skin(32.3℃±s 2.7℃ vs 32.2℃±s 2.8℃,P<0.001)and the respiration rates(14.6 times·min-1±s 1.8 times·min-1 vs 14.2 times·min-1±s 1.7 times·min-1,P<0.001) decreased during exposure.Conclusion:Exposing to heroin-related cues can increase abstinent heroin dependents ' craving and induce psychophysiological reactions.