2004年流行性乙型脑炎流行病学分析

目的分析2003-2004年揭阳市流行性乙型脑炎(乙脑)疫情发生的原因和流行的特征，探讨乙脑的防制措施。方法采用流行病学现场调查方法及检验室检测。结果共报告病例63例，死亡3例，病死率为4．76％。普宁市发病最多，占55．6％；发病高峰在6月份；以10岁以下儿童为主，特别是免疫空白的儿童。结论揭阳市乙脑的流行高峰是在6月份，儿童无免疫力是引起流行的主要原因。加强宣传教育，提高乙脑疫苗的接种率，消除儿童免疫空白，是预防乙脑流行的重要措施。

Epidemiological Study of Encephalitis B during 2003～2004 in Jieyang City

Objective To analysis the epidemiological characteristics of encephalitis B during 2003-2004 in Jieyung city and to discuss the prevention and control of encephalitis B. Method Epidemiological field investigations and laboratory examinations were conducted. Results There were 63 cases of encephalitis B. 3 of them died, with a mortality rate of 4.76%. Most of the cases were found in Puning county, accounted for 55.6% of total cases. The peak of the outbreak was in June. The age of the patients was mainly below 10 years old, especially the children who had not been vaccinated. Conclusions The peak of outbreak of encephalitis B in Jieyang area was in June. Patients were mainly children without vaccination. Enforcement in the health education and vaccination are the important means of preventing the outbreak of encephalitis B.