Prolonged hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in a small for date preterm |
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Authors: | Pezzati M Barni S Chiti G Danesi G Rubaltelli F F |
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Institution: | Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy. |
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Abstract: | Hyperinsulinism is an important cause of hypoglycemia in early infancy. Many forms of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia are described: transient, prolonged, persistent. Transient forms are well recognized in infants of diabetic mother; prolonged forms are responsible for the hypoglycemia in small-for-date (SGA) infants and asphyxiated newborns. Persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia occurs in a group of congenital disorders associated with an abnormality of beta-cell regulation throughout the pancreas. Accurate diagnosis and treatment are essential in all various forms of hyperinsulinism also because newborns are at high risk of permanent brain damage. We report a case of prolonged hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in a SGA preterm, immediately treated with a high dose of glucose and glucocorticoid and then with diazoxide. Hypoglycemia was continued until 2 months of age when it resolved spontaneously and completely. |
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