| Abstract: | This study examined the presence of depressive symptoms in an adult outpatient population. Through review of 100 randomly selected patient charts, it was found that a diagnosis of depression was recorded in 31 percent, with an additional 31 percent having symptoms and diagnoses suggestive of depression noted. Data collection on a sample of 123 patients in a second study phase designed to assess agreement among alternative methods for identifying depression included patient interviews (using the Beck Depression Inventory, the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, and a visual analog), physician interviews, and chart abstracts. The proportion of patients considered depressed using each of the measures ranged from 21 percent to 38 percent. The patient-reported measures were more closely correlated with each other than with the physician-reported measures. The finding that depressive symptoms are highly prevalent in this population supports the need for training physicians in recognition, treatment, and documentation of depression. Future research imperatives should include differentiating between depressive symptoms and diagnoses, investigating the use of interviewer-administered measures of depression as screening tools, and investigating the relationships between depression, physiologic disease, and use of health services. |
