影响肾癌根治术后患者生存的多因素分析

目的:分析、筛选影响肾癌根治术后患者生存的相关因素.方法:对1993年1月至2006年12月收治并采用"肾癌根治术"治疗的389例肾细胞癌患者进行随访.将所有资料编码后建立数据库,采用寿命表法计算总体生存率,采用Cox回归模型比较多种因素对生存时间的影响.结果:透明细胞癌307例(78.92%),乳头细胞癌51例(13.11%),嫌色细胞癌21例(5.40%),集合管癌2例(0.51%),未分化8例(2.06%);TNM分期(根据2002年AJCC标准):T1N0M0 198例,T2N0M0 113例,T1N1M0 3例,T2N1M0 10例,T3N0M0 51例,T3N1M0 14例;获得随访268例肾癌根治术后患者1、3、5、10年生存率分别为96.5%、90.7%、75.7%、65.8%;Robson分期:I期311例,Ⅱ期40例,Ⅲ期38例;合并瘤栓35例,无瘤栓254例.多因素分析显示:"TNM分期"、"Robson分期"、"合并瘤栓"、"术后治疗"对预后的影响有显著意义(x2=22.50,P=0.001),其中影响肾癌预后的因素中最重要的是病理分期(TNM分期、Robson分期),回归系数分别为0.533、0.674,相对危险度分别为1.941、2.011(P=0.004,P=0.002);而"性别"、"年龄"、"肾癌三联征"、"病程"、"侧别"、"手术入路"对肾癌根治术后病人预后的影响无显著意义(P＞0.05).结论:肾癌根治术是治疗肾癌的的一种安全、有效手段;"TNM分期"、"Robson分期"、"合并瘤栓"是影响预后的危险因素,"术后治疗"是预后的保护性因素.

Analysis of the Long-term Curative Effects of Radical Nephrectomy

Objective:To analyze the factors that affect patient prognosis after radical nephrectomy.Meth-ods:A total of 389 cases of renal cell carcinoma treated with radical nephrectomy between January 1 993 and December 2006 were reviewed.All the data were encoded.inserted into an Excel database and then ana-lyzed by SPSS 1 3.0 software.The cumulative survival rates were calculated by life-table method.We as-sessed the impact of multiple covariates on survival time with the Cox Regression model.Results:The patho-logical results showed that 307 cases were clear call carcinoma,51 cases were papillary renal cell carcinoma,21 cases were chromophobic renal cell carcinoma,2 cases were collecting duct carcinoma.and 8 cases were unclassified.One hundred and ninety-eight cases were of T1N0M0, 113 cases were of T2N0M0, 3 cases were of T1N1M0,10 cases were of T2N1M0, 51 cases were of T3N0M0, and 14 cases were of T3N1M0, Two hundred and sixty-eight cases were followed up.The 1-year survival rate was 96.5%,the 3-year survival rate was 90.7%.the 5-year survival rate was 75.7%.and the 10-year survival rate was 65.8%.Multivariable analysis revealed that significant prognostic factors included TNM stage,Robson stage.vena cava and supplementary treat-ment(X2=22.50.P=0.001).The most important prognostic factor was pathological stage(TNM and Robson).The regression coefficients were 0.533 and 0.674,and the relative risk was 1.941 and 2.01 1(P=0.004 and p=0.002).Conclusion:Radical nephrectomy is safe and effective.TNM stage.Robson stage and vena cava are prognostic factors.Supplementary treatment is a protective factor.