Gray matter abnormalities of the dorsal posterior cingulate in sleep walking |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Neurology—Sleep Disorders Center, Milan, Italy;2. Faculty of Psychology, “Vita-Salute” San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy;1. Integrative Neurobiology Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States;2. Sleep Research Institute, Madrid, Spain;1. Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;2. Department of Endocrinology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;3. Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China;4. Toshiba Stroke and Vascular Research Center, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA;1. Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China;2. Department of Radiology, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People''s Armed Police Forces, Tianjin 300162, China;3. Department of Radiology, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China;4. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine whether voxel-based analysis of T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging is able to detect alterations of gray and white matter morphometry as well as measures of mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy in patients with non-rapid eye movement parasomnia.Methods3 Tesla MRI was performed in 14 drug-free, polysomnography-confirmed adult patients with non-rapid eye movement parasomnia (age: 29 ± 4.2 years; disease duration 19.2 ± 7.7 years) and 14 healthy subjects, matched for age and gender. Statistical parametric mapping was applied to objectively identify focal changes of MRI parameters throughout the entire brain volume.ResultsStatistical parametric mapping localized significant decreases of gray matter volume in the left dorsal posterior cingulate cortex (BA23) and posterior midcingulate cortex (BA24) in patients with non-rapid eye movement parasomnias compared to the control group (p < 0.001, corrected for multiple comparisons). No significant differences of mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy measures were found between the non-rapid eye movement parasomnia group and the healthy control group.ConclusionsRecently, the simultaneous co-existence of arousal or wakefulness originating from the motor and cingulate cortices and persistent sleep in associative cortical regions was suggested as a functional framework of somnambulism. Gray matter volume decline in the dorsal posterior and posterior midcingulate cortex reported in this study might represent the neuroanatomical substrate for this condition. |
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| Keywords: | Somnambulism Cingulate cortex Voxel-based morphometry Gray matter volume |
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