Antimicrobial peptide repertoire of Thitarodes armoricanus,a host species of Ophiocordyceps sinensis,predicted based on de novo transcriptome sequencing and analysis |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 1 Shuaifuyuan, Dongcheng, Beijing 100730, China;2. Beijing Tibetan Hospital, China Tibetology Research Center, 218 Anwaixiaoguanbeili Street, Chaoyang, Beijing 100029, China;1. University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States;4. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China;1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of TCM, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2. CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;3. Resource Center of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;1. Agro-Product Safety Research Center, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing 100123, People''s Republic of China;2. China Rural Technology Development Center, Beijing 100045, People''s Republic of China;3. AB Sciex (China) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100102, People''s Republic of China;4. Yunnan Herbal Laboratory, Institute of Herb Biotic Resources, Yunnan University, Kunming 066004, People''s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | Ophiocordyceps sinensis is an entomopathogenic fungus that parasitizes the larvae of ghost moths. The fungus-caterpillar complex resulting from fungal parasitism is a medicinally and economically important traditional Chinese medicine famous for its tonic, aphrodisiac and immunomodulatory activity. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which play predominant roles in responding to infection of pathogenic microorganisms in the immune system of ghost moths, may remain behind the fungus-caterpillar complex. Thitarodes armoricanus, as a widely distributed ghost moth on the Tibetan Plateau, is the first reported and one of the most common host insects of O. sinensis. However, there is little information about AMPs of T. armoricanus. In this study, high-throughput RNA-seq analysis and transcriptome assembly and annotation of T. armoricanus was performed to explore the AMP repertoire. A total of 41,464 unigenes were obtained by de novo assembly, and 20,080 unigenes including 385 immunity-related candidates were annotated. Among which, 16 AMP nucleotide sequences were identified. Based on their peptide structure, these were further classified as cecropin, defensin, attacin and gloverin AMPs. All identified AMPs are highly conserved in the Hepialidae family with distinct features as in other insect AMPs. In conclusion, this research offers insights into the AMP repertoire of T. armoricanus which gives opportunity for the further study of the AMP-related medical components of the fungus-caterpillar complex. The identified AMPs from T. armoricanus also provide valuable information for a better understanding of the immune mechanism of Thitarodes and the formation of the mysterious entomo-fungal combination. |
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