Relationship between stress coping and sleep disorders among the general Japanese population: a nationwide representative survey |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Clinical Experimental Medicine, Psychiatric Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy;2. Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy;3. IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy;4. École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada;5. Centre d''étude des troubles du sommeil, Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Quebec City, Québec, Canada;6. Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychophysiology/Sleep Medicine, Center for Mental Disorders, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany;1. Centre for Studies on Human Stress, Montreal Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada;2. Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada;3. Harold & Margaret Milliken Hatch Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, United States;1. Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, 246 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1V4;2. School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean Jacques Lussier, Vanier Hall, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5;3. Department of Sociology, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, Social Science Centre, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C2 |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveTo clarify the prevalence of stress, and examine the relationship between sleep disorders and stress coping strategies among highly stressed individuals in the general Japanese population.MethodsA cross-sectional nationwide survey was undertaken in November 2007. Men and women were randomly selected from 300 districts throughout Japan. Data from 7671 (3532 men (average age 53.5 ± 17.0 years) and 4139 women (average age 53.9 ± 17.7 years)) were analyzed. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire on stress, sleep disorders, and stress coping strategies in the previous month.ResultsHighly stressed individuals comprised 16.6% (95% confidence interval 15.8–17.5%) of the total sample, and most were aged 20–49 years. In multiple logistic regression, symptoms of insomnia (ie, difficulty initiating sleep, difficulty maintaining sleep, and early morning awakening), excessive daytime sleepiness, nightmares, daytime malfunction, and lack of rest due to sleep deprivation were more prone to occur in highly stressed individuals. In addition, logistic regression analysis controlling for other adjustment factors revealed that stress coping strategies such as ‘giving up on problem-solving’, ‘enduring problems patiently’, ‘smoking’ and ‘drinking alcohol’ were positively associated with the above-mentioned sleep disorders. On the other hand, stress coping strategies such as ‘exercising’, ‘enjoying hobbies’, and ‘sharing worries’ were inversely associated with the above-mentioned sleep disorders.ConclusionsDistraction-based stress coping (eg, hobbies, exercise, and optimistic thinking) was found to be preferable to problem-based stress coping in a highly stressed Japanese general population. |
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| Keywords: | Stress Stress coping Sleep disorder Epidemiology Prevalence Japanese |
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