Sleep deficiency on school days in Icelandic youth,as assessed by wrist accelerometry |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Center of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland;2. Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA;3. Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Bergen University College, Bergen, Norway;1. Italian National Research Council, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Palermo, Italy;2. Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, First Unit of Pneumology, V. Cervello Hospital, Palermo, Italy;3. Italian Union Against Muscular Dystrophy (UILDM), Section of Palermo, Italy;1. Department of Architecture for Intelligence, The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Japan;2. Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan;3. Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Japan;1. Service de pneumologie infantile, allergologie et centre de référence en mucoviscidose, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France;2. Service d''épileptologie clinique, des troubles du sommeil et de neurologie fonctionnelle de l''enfant, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France;3. U1028, CNRL, Université de Lyon 1, France;4. UMR 5558 (EMET), CNRS, LBBE, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France;1. Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Hospital (performance site), Detroit, MI, United States;2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, SOM, Detroit, MI, United States;1. Center of Sport and Health Sciences, School of Education, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 105, Iceland;2. Department of Coaching and Psychology, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, PB 4014 Ullevaal Stadion, Oslo NO-0886, Norway;3. Center for Prevention Studies, Department of Social Sciences, University of Akureyri, Akureyri 600, Iceland;4. Research Center of Movement Science, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik 101, Iceland;1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA;2. College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA;3. Phoenix VA Health Care System, Phoenix, AZ, USA;4. School of Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA;5. Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA;6. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA;7. Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA;8. South Carolina Statewide Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA;9. Departments of Population Health and Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA;10. SleepMed, Columbia, SC, USA;11. WJB Dorn VA Medical Center, Columbia, SC, USA |
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| Abstract: | AimsThe purpose of this study was to objectively measure, with wrist-worn actigraphy, free-living sleeping patterns in Icelandic adolescents, and to compare sleep duration, sleep quality and clock times between school days (SchD) and non-school days (NSchD) and the association between sleep and body mass index (BMI).MethodsA cross-sectional study on 15.9-year-old (±0.3) adolescents from six schools in Reykjavík, Iceland, took place in the spring of 2015. Free-living sleep was measured on 301 subjects (122 boys and 179 girls) over seven days using wrist-worn actigraphy accelerometers. Total rest time (TRT), total sleep time (TST), sleep quality markers, and clock times for sleep were quantified and compared between SchD and NSchD and between the sexes, using paired and group t-tests as appropriate. Linear regression was used to assess the association between sleep parameters and BMI.ResultsOn SchD, TST was 6.2 ± 0.7 h, with sleep efficiency (SLE) of 87.9 ± 4.4% for the group. On NSchD, TST increased to 7.3 ± 1.1 h (p < 0.001), although SLE decreased to 87.4 ± 4.7% (p < 0.05). On SchD and NSchD, 67% and 93% had bed times after midnight, respectively, and on SchD 10.7% met sleep recommendations (8 h/night). There was no association between BMI and average sleep parameters.ConclusionThe majority of Icelandic adolescents did not get the recommended number of hours of sleep, especially on SchD. While TST increased on NSchD, many participants still did not achieve the recommendations. These findings provide information on the sleep patterns of adolescents and may serve as reference for development of policies and interventions to promote better sleep practices. |
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| Keywords: | Sleep Adolescents Accelerometry Actigraphy Sleep duration Body mass index (BMI) |
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