注意缺陷多动障碍儿童父母养育方式与自我意识特征研究

【目的】 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的父母养育方式和自我意识特征,以便更好地促进患儿身心健康发展。 【方法】 采用父母养育方式和儿童自我意识量表对ADHD儿童和正常儿童分别进行评估。 【结果】 ADHD 儿童的父母在理解及温暖的情感养育儿童方面得分明显低于正常组(P<0.05),ADHD儿童父亲更多拒绝和否定患儿,母亲则更多严厉惩罚患儿(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义。而在偏爱、过度保护、干涉方面两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ADHD患儿行为、智力与学校情况、躯体外貌与属性、合群、幸福满足及总分低于对照组,焦虑分高于对照组。患儿的自我意识水平与父母养育方式中的多个因子相关。 【结论】 ADHD儿童的父母不能理解患儿,不能以温暖的情感养育患儿,更多的采用拒绝和否定,严厉惩罚儿童,同时ADHD患儿的自我意识发展不良,自我评价低。患儿的自我意识低下与父母养育方式不当相关。

Study on parental rearing pattern and self-concepts in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

【Objective】 To access parental rearing pattern and self-concepts in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) 【Method】 Parental rearing pattern and self-concepts scale were measured in 41 children with ADHD(experimental group) and 40 healthy children(control group). 【Results】 Compared with control group,parental emotional warmth and understanding in experimental group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).While maternal punishment and sternness and paternal rejection and denial in experimental group were significantly enlarged(P<0.05).The experimental group were remarkably lower than control group in behavior,intelligence and school,physical appearance,sociability,happiness and satisfaction(P<0.01).The levels of self-concepts were correlated with some factors of parental rearing patterns. 【Conclusions】 Children with ADHD are influenced by inferior parental rearing patterns and get lower score in self-concept scale.