大学英语四级考试及心理干预前后学生唾液IgA浓度的变化及其思考

目的研究大学英语四级考试应激及心理干预前后学生唾液IgA浓度的变化。方法把60名身体健康的大学二年级医学本科生,随机等分为对照组和干预组,每组男女各半,分别于考前2个月、2周、考试当天及考后2个月采取基础状态下的唾液标本,干预组于考前1个月进行心理干预,每周1次。用放射免疫分析法测其中分泌型免疫球蛋白A的浓度。结果唾液IgA浓度,对照组:女性考前2个月明显高于考试当天(P<0.05),考前2周也明显高于考试当天(P<0.01),考后2个月明显高于前三个时期(P<0.01);男性虽无统计学差异,但有与女性相同的变化趋势。干预组:女性考前2个月、2周及考试当天均无显著差异(P>0.05),考后2个月明显高于前三个阶段(P<0.01);男性考前2周明显高于考前2个月与考试当天(P<0.01),考前2个月与考试当天及考后2个月均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论大学英语四级考试使学生免疫功能降低,心理干预能较有效地缓解考试应激所造成的免疫功能降低。教育工作者应关注考试应激对大学生身心健康的影响,并重视对大学生考试应激的心理干预工作。

Study on Changes of Immunoglobulin A Concentration in Saliva of University Students Before and After CET4 and Psychological Intervention

Objective To study changes of immunoglobulin A （IgA） concentration in saliva of university students before and after CET4 and psychological intervention. Methods Sixty healthy sophomore volunteers （ 30 males and 30 females） were randomly divid- ed into two groups ： control group and intervention group. Saliva was obtained under basal metabolism condition two months and two weeks before CET4 and the day of the test, and two months after CET4. Students in the intervention group were given psychological intervention once a week during one month before CET4. The concentration of secretive type IgA was measured by radioimmunoas- say. Results In the control group, IgA concentration in the females during two months before the test was higher than that on the day of the test （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Similarly, IgA concentration in them during two weeks before the test was also higher （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The concentration in the females during two months after the test was remarkably higher than that during the first three periods （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Mthough there was no significant difference among the males, they also had the same trend as the females. In the intervention group, there was no difference among the females during the first three periods { 2 months and 2 weeks before CET4, and on the day of the test） （ P 〉 0.05 ）. IgA concentration in the females during two months after the test was remarkably higher than that in the first three periods （ P 〈 0.01 }. The concentration in the males during two weeks before the test was remarkably higher than that during two months before the test and on the day of the test （ P 〈0.01 ）. There were no differences between during two months be- fore the test, on the day of the test and during two months after the test （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion CET4 can weaken students ＇ immu- nity. However, we can effectively relieve students of their weakened immunity caused by test stress through psychological interven- tion. Educators should focus on the influenc