Increase in soluble interleukin-2 receptor and neopterin serum levels during immunotherapy of cancer with interleukin-2 |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Radiation Oncology, San Gerardo Hospital, 20052 Monza, Milan, Italy;2. Division of Thoracic Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, 20052 Monza, Milan, Italy;3. Second Surgery Division, San Gerardo Hospital, 20052 Monza, Milan, Italy;1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan;2. Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, 1 Sanzo, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama-shi, Hiroshima 729-0292, Japan;3. Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinano-machi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan;4. Endocrinology & Diabetes Center, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, 3211 Kozukue-Cho, Kohoku-Ku, Yokohama 222-0036, Japan;5. Department of Uro-Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka-shi, Saitama 350-1298, Japan;1. Food Quality Design Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. Department of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Napoli “Federico II”, Parco Gussone, 80055 Portici, Napoli, Italy;3. Food Process Engineering Group, Wageningen University, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;1. Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 6 Święcickiego Street, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;2. Department of Cardiology, J. Struś Hospital, Szwajcarska 3, 61-285 Poznan, Poland;3. Biology of Lipid Disorders Department, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 8, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;4. Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Angiology and Phlebology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Długa 1/2, 60-848, Poznan, Poland |
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| Abstract: | Both immunostimulatory and immunosuppressive events would occur during the immunotherapies of cancer, including interleukin 2 (IL-2) therapy. The marked increase in soluble IL-2 receptor (SIL-2R) levels during IL-2 therapy could represent a potentially negative biological effect, because of the receptor's capacity to bind IL-2 and compete for it with IL-2 cell surface receptor. Since it has been observed that macrophages stimulate in vitro the release of SIL-2R, a study was started to evaluate in vivo the role of macrophages in IL-2-induced SIL-2R rise by measuring neopterin, which is a marker of macrophage activity. The study included 9 advanced renal cancer patients, treated subcutaneously with IL-2 at 1.8 × 106 IU/m2 twice daily for 5 days/week for 6 weeks. Both SIL-2R and neopterin serum mean levels significantly increased during IL-2 treatment, and the highest concentrations were reached on the second week of therapy. SIL-2R rise was significantly correlated to that of neopterin. This study, by showing a positive correlation between SIL-2R and neopterin rise, would suggest a macrophage involvement in the stimulation of SIL-2R release during IL-2 immunotherapy of cancer. |
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