Gross motor skills are related to postural stability and age in children with autism spectrum disorder |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Chico, 400 West 1st Street, Chico, CA 95929-0330, USA;2. Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA;1. Research Institute for Individuals with Disability, Anadolu University, 26470 Eski?ehir, Turkey;2. Faculty of Sport Sciences, Anadolu University, 26470 Eski?ehir, Turkey;1. IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Viale del Tirreno 331, 56018, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy;2. Clinical Physiology Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy;3. Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Via Caruso, 56100 Pisa, Italy;1. NatBrainLab, Department of Forensic, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London;2. Neurodevelopmental Sciences, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London;3. Department of Neuroimaging, and the Sackler Institute for Translational Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London;4. Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom;5. Child and Youth Mental Health Collaborative at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health and The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;6. Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan;7. Department of Psychology and, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus;8. Center for Applied Neuroscience, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus;1. Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA;2. Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA;3. Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA;4. UNLV Medicine Ackerman Autism Center, Las Vegas, USA;1. Department of Recreational Sport & Health Promotion, National Pingtung University of Science & Technology, Taiwan;2. Institute of Physical Education, Health & Leisure Studies, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan;1. Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths College, University of London, London, UK;2. Biostatistics Department, Institute of Psychiatry, King''s College London, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | Motor skill and postural stability deficits are commonly reported for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), however the relationship between these variables is not well established. We explored the relationship between motor skills, postural stability, restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, diagnosis, age, and sex. Children (11 with and 11 without ASD), 5–12 years of age, participated in the study. The Test of Gross Motor Development-3 (TGMD-3) was used to assess fundamental motor skills. Postural sway was measured on a force plate during quiet standing on a solid and compliant surface. Center of pressure was calculated and used to compute sway area. Linear regression analysis showed that sway area on a solid surface, age, and diagnosis were significant predictors of motor skill performance (R2 = .854). Severity of ASD, as assessed by the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R), was not predictive of motor skills. Children with ASD exhibited deficits in postural stability compared to children without ASD. Postural stability appears to influence the ability of children to perform gross motor skills. However, the RBS-R does not seem to be a useful tool for identifying those children with ASD who exhibit the greatest deficits in motor skills. |
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| Keywords: | Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) Motor skills Postural control Repetitive behaviors Balance Stability |
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