儿童股骨颈骨折治疗

目的 探讨儿童股骨颈骨折的治疗。方法 根据儿童股骨颈骨折分型标准，骨折无明显移位者采用非手术治疗，即股骨远端骨牵引3～6周后改用外展支具固定；骨折明显移位者早期关节切开减压、解剖复位、空心钉内固定并外展支具固定。结果 26例均获长期随访，疗效按照ratliff标准评价，22例优(80．4％)、2例良(7．6％)、优良率88％，2例差(7．6％)，无明显骺板早闭、股骨头坏死、髋内翻、骨不连等并发症发生。结论 儿童股骨颈骨折首选保守治疗；对骨折明显移位者可采用手术治疗，早期切开减压、解剖复位并予空心钉内固定能够有效降低骨折并发症、提高骨折治愈率。

Treatment of Femoral Neck Fracture in Children

Objective To discuss therapy of femoral neck,s fracture in children. Methods Delbet's classification system was used to skeletal traction,abduction brace was made 3-6 weeks after distal skeleton of femur traction in nondisplaced fracture.Early capsulotomy and open anatomic reduction as well as cannulated screw system was adopted in displaced fracture. Results According to Ratliff evaluation criteria,twenty-two children have gained good efficacy with 80.4%'healing rate while two(7.6%) were fair and two(7.6%) were poor without coxa vara,avascular necrosis,premature physeal closure,bone non-union etc complications. Conclusion Closed or open reduction is alternative to femoral neck fracture 's therapy in children. Early capsulotomy and open anatomic reduction as well as cannulated screw internal fixation can effectively minimize or avoid serious complications and enhance healing rate of femoral neck fracture in children.