农村留守儿童情绪和行为问题的调查研究

目的了解留守儿童的情绪和行为问题分布特点，为开展心理健康辅导提供依据。方法采用中文版长处和困难问卷（SDQ）对江西省上饶市横峰县某小学和某中学的223名留守儿童和83名非留守儿童进行问卷调查。结果留守儿童品行问题及困难总分显著高于非留守儿童（均P〈0．05）。留守儿童中女生情绪症状和社会行为得分显著高于男生（均P〈0．05）；小学文化程度的留守儿童情绪症状、同伴交往、困难总分显著高于初中生（均P〈0．01）。不同看护方式留守儿童SDQ各分量表得分比较，差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。结论农村地区留守儿童存在一定的情绪和行为问题，家长、老师以及社会应积极关注留守儿童的情绪和行为问题，使其健康地成长。

Investigation on Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Left-behind Children in Rural Area

Objective To probe into the emotional and behavioral problems of left-behind children in rural area, and to lay a basis for psychological interventions targeted to the children. Methods A Chinese version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire （SDQ） was used to investigate 233 left-behind children and 83 non-left-behind children in a primary school and a middle school. Results There is significant difference in the behavioral problem and difficult factors of SDQ between left-behind children and non-left-behind children （P〈0.05 for all）. Among the left-behind children, there is significant difference in emotional problem and social behavior between the girls and the boys （P〈0.05 for all）. Left-behind children studying in the primary school had significantly higher scores in emotional problem, peer communication and difficult factors than those studying in the middle shoool （P〈0.01 for all）. The scores of all dimensions of SDQ in differently attended left-behind kids had no significant differences （P〈0.05 for all）. Conclusion The left-behind children in rural area do have some emotional and behavior problems. Parents, school teachers and the society should pay more attention to their emotional and behavioral problems in an attempt to keep their mental health.