社区老年人群衰弱发生现状及影响因素研究

目的 了解社区老年人群衰弱及其对突发公共卫生事件的心理应激调适现状，为进一步对高危人群干预提供依据。方法 便利抽取北京某社区200例老年患者，采用一般资料调查表、Tilburg衰弱量表、突发性公共卫生事件心理问卷对其进行衰弱发生现状调查，并分析其影响因素。结果 新冠疫情常态化防控下某社区老年人群衰弱发生率高达42.0%,Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄（OR=1.056,95%CI:1.005～1.110）和目前服药种类（OR=2.419,95%CI:1.442～4.057）是老年人群衰弱发生的危险因素，参加集体活动的频次（OR=0.602,95%CI:0.366～0.990）是衰弱发生的保护因素。社区老年人群心理应激因子阳性发生率从高到低依次为：恐惧、抑郁、神经衰弱、强迫-焦虑、疑病，心理应激各维度与衰弱总分均呈正相关（P<0.05）。结论 新冠疫情常态化防控下社区老年人群衰弱发生率较高，这和年龄、心理应激、集体活动、服药种类密切相关，社区工作者应予以重视，并采取针对性的干预，提高老年人群身心健康水平。

Research on the status quo and influencing factors of frailty among the elderly in the community

Objective To explore the current status of the frailty of the elderly in the community and their psychological stress adjustment to public health emergencies, so as to provide a basis for further intervention for high-risk groups. Methods Totally 200 elderly patients were chosen using the convenience sampling and surveyed using the general information questionnaire, Tilburg frailty scale(TFI), and psychological questionnaires for emergent events of public heath (PQEEPH).Then the influencing factors were analyzed. Results Under the normalization of COVID-19, the incidence of frailty was as high as 42.0% among the elderly in the community. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.056, 95%CI: 1.005～1.110) and current medication type(OR=2.419, 95%CI: 1.442～4.057)were risking factor for frailty, and the frequency of group activities (OR=0.602, 95%CI: 0.366～0.990)was a protective factor for frailty. In the investigation of psychological stress, the incidence of fear ranked highest, followed by depression, neurasthenia, obsession-anxiety, hypochondriasis. Moreover, all dimensions of the psychological stress were positively correlated with the total score of frailty (P＜0.05). Conclusion The incidence of frailty is relatively high among the elderly in the community under the normalization of COVID-19, which is closely related to the age, psychological stress, group activities and types of medications. Community workers should pay attention to it and take targeted interventions to improve the physical and mental health of elderly.