早期运动指导对早产儿发育行为的影响

  目的  探讨给予早产儿父母运动指导后对婴儿运动发育的影响。  方法  纳入153名研究对象，分为早产指导组（47例）、早产对照组（50例）和足月对照组（56例）。给予早产指导组婴儿父母3个月的婴儿运动方法的指导，并指导家长在家中进行；对照组婴儿对父母进行常规养育指导。婴儿1岁时进行发育评估。  结果  1岁时发育评估比较，早产指导组婴儿的大运动和精细动作发育商均显著高于早产对照组婴儿大运动，早产指导组（91.9±9.4），早产对照组（86.6±9.6）；精细动作，早产指导组（87.9±9.3），早产对照组（83.9±10.0）；P均 < 0.05]，与足月对照组婴儿相比较差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。  结论  在早产儿出生后早期为家长提供婴儿运动相关知识及运动功能的指导培训，由家长在家庭中实施对婴儿的早期运动干预是可行的，对早产儿1岁时的运动发育是有效的。

Effect of Early Physical Instruction on Development of Preterm Infants

  Objective  To investigate the effect of parent administered physical therapy in the preterm period on motor performance in infants.   Methods  This study included 153 infants, 97 preterm infants and 56 term infants （term control group）. The preterm infants were born at gestational age 32- < 37 weeks and randomized to an intervention （n = 47） or a preterm control （n = 50） group. Parents, supervised by a physical therapist, conducted the intervention for 3 months. The control group received usual care.   Results  At the age of 1 year, children in the preterm intervention group had significantly higher gross motor and fine motor scores than those in the preterm control group Gross motor, preterm intervention group （91.9±9.4）, preterm control group （86.6±9.6）; Fine motor, preterm intervention group （87.9±9.3）, preterm control group （83.9±10.0）; P < 0.05].   Conclusion  It is feasible for parents to conduct early physical intervention in the family and effective for the motor development of premature infants at the age of one year.