成人腭大孔解剖与腭穹隆形态相关性的CBCT影像研究

  目的  研究成人腭大孔（ greater palatine foramen,GPF ）解剖位置及其与腭穹窿高低的相关性,为涉及上腭区域的临床操作提供理论依据。  方法  从昆明医科大学附属口腔医院影像科收集2020年1～6月符合纳入标准的180名成人患者的CBCT图像,评估双侧360例腭大孔相对于上颌磨牙的位置以及距上颌腭中缝线和釉牙骨质界的距离,并分析不同腭穹窿高低与腭大孔分布的关联。  结果  腭大孔在第2磨牙腭侧、第3磨牙近中腭侧、第3磨牙腭侧的分布率分别是21.39%、21.11%和57.50%。男性和女性腭大孔与腭中缝（ midsagittal suture,MMS ）的距离（GPF-MMS）分别为（16.31±1.18） mm和（15.82±1.32） mm,腭大孔至对应磨牙釉牙骨质界（enamelo-cemental junction,CEJ ）的距离（GPF-M）为（17.11±2.50） mm 和（15.79±2.57） mm,均显示男性大于女性（P < 0.05）。GPF-MMS在高腭组中略低于低腭组（P < 0.05）;然而,GPF-M在高腭组中明显高于低腭组（P < 0.05）。  结论  成人腭大孔位置与其性别和腭穹隆高低有关。

CBCT Imaging Study of the Correlation between the Anatomy of Greater Palatine Foramen and the Morphology of Palatal Vault in Adults

  Objective  To explore the greater palatine foramen anatomical position and its relationship with the morphology of palatal vault in adults, so as to provide theoretical basis for the clinic operation related to palate.   Methods  We collected CBCT images of 180 adult patients, marked both 360 sides greater palatine foramen location, analyzed the relative position of greater palatine foramen to maxillary molar and the distance between the longitudinal suture of palate and longitudinal suture of palate and checked the relationship between different morphology of palatal vault and the distribution of greater palatine foramen.   Results  The distribution rates of the greater palatine foramen at the palatal side of second molar, third molar mesial side and palatal side of third molar were 21.39%, 21.11% and 57.50% respectively. The （GPF-MMS） distances of male and female were （16.31±1.18） mm and （15.82±1.32） mm, and the distance from the palatal foramen to the corresponding enamel cementum boundary （GPF-M） was （17.11±2.50） mm and （15.79±2.57） mm, All showed that male was larger than female （P < 0.05）. The distance of GPF-MMS in high palate group was lower than that in low palate group; On the contrary （P < 0.05）, GPF-M in high palate group was significantly higher than that in low palate group （P < 0.05）.  Conclusion  The position of the greater palatine foramen in adults patients is related to gender and the palatal vault arch.