基于AIMS分析早产儿运动发育现状及影响因素

目的 了解早产儿早期运动发育状况,分析影响早产儿运动发育的相关因素,为构建早产儿出院后早期运动干预模式提供依据。方法 采用方便抽样选择2018年11月至2019年3月出生,并在四川大学华西第二医院儿童保健科建档的361例早产儿,以矫正3个月Alberta 婴儿运动量表(AIMS)评分作为早产儿运动发育的结局指标。结果 361例早产儿中,311例(86.1%)AIMS评分>P₂₅,即运动发育正常;40例(11.1%)AIMS评分在P₁₁~P₂₅之间,即可疑运动发育迟缓;10例(2.8%)AIMS评分为≤P₁₀,即运动发育迟缓。Logistic回归分析显示,矫正3月龄体重(OR=0.347,95%CI:0.174~0.691,P=0.003)、女性(OR=0.415,95%CI:0.202~0.850,P=0.016)是早产儿运动发育迟缓的保护因素。结论 早产儿出院后早期运动发育状况整体较好,但在后期的随访过程中,需重点关注体重追赶缓慢的早产男童,以尽早发现早产儿运动发育迟缓情况并给予干预。

Factors affecting the motor development of preterm infants assessed by Alberta Infant Motor Scale

Objective To know about the motor development status of preterm infants, and to identify its influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for constructing early motor intervention model for preterm infants after discharge. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 361 preterm infants, who were born from November 2018 to March 2019 and registered in the Child Healthcare Department of West China Second University Hospital. Alberta Infant Motor Scale(AIMS) score of infants at the corrected age of 3 months old was used as the outcome indicator of motor development. Results Among 361 preterm infants, 311(86.1%) had normal motor performance(AIMS score >P₂₅), and 40(11.1%) showed suspect motor performance(P₁₁≤AIMS score≤P₂₅), and only 10(2.8%) had atypical motor development or motor delay(AIMS score≤P₁₀). Logistic regression analysis showed that weight at the corrected age of 3 months old(OR=0.347, 95%CI:0.174 - 0.691, P=0.003) and female(OR=0.415, 95%CI:0.202 - 0.850, P=0.016) were protective factors for motor delay of preterm infants. Conclusions The early motor development of preterm infants after discharge is generally good. However, it is still necessary to pay more attention to the preterm infants who are boys, especially those with slower body weight catch-up.