安宁地区住院患儿呼吸道病原体七联检阳性检测结果分析

目的 分析安宁地区住院患儿呼吸道感染病毒病原体阳性检测结果。方法 选择2019年9月至2022年2月安宁地区住院患儿1 766例为研究对象，根据年龄分为<6月龄组、6月龄～4岁组、4～14岁组；根据新冠疫情防控，2019年9月至2020年2月前为公众防护前，2020年2月后公众防护后；采集所有患儿鼻咽拭子标本，采用直接免疫荧光法测定甲型流感病毒抗原、乙型流感病毒抗原、呼吸道合胞病毒抗原、腺病毒抗原、副流感病毒Ⅰ型抗原、副流感病毒Ⅱ型抗原、副流感病毒Ⅲ型抗原7种呼吸道病原体，统计分析患儿呼吸道病原体检出情况。结果 1 766例患儿呼吸道感染病毒病原学检出阳性584例，阳性率为33.07%，呼吸道病毒病原体中检出主要以呼吸道合胞病毒（316例/17.89%）、腺病毒（90例/5.10%）、副流感病毒Ⅲ型（82例/4.64%）为主；患儿呼吸道感染病毒病原体阳性主要集中在<6月龄组、6月龄～4岁组，检出阳性率分别为111例（34.69%）、327例（34.31%），不同年龄段呼吸道感染病原体检测阳性率，差异有统计学意义（χ2=8.392,P=0.031）；公众防护后甲型流感病毒检出...

Analysis on the Positive Test Results of Seven Joint Tests for Respiratory Pathogens in Hospitalized Children in Anning Area

  Objective  To analyze the positive test results of respiratory tract virus pathogens in hospitalized children in Anning area.   Methods   A total of 1766 hospitalized children in Anning District from September 2019 to February 2022 were selected as subjects, and they were divided into < 6 months old group, 6 months to 4 years old group, and 4 to 14 years old group according to their age. According to the prevention and control of COVID-19, the period from September 2019 to February 2020 shall be before public protection, and the period after February 2020 shall be after public protection. All children’s nasopharyngeal swab samples were tested by using direct immunofluorescence method for determination of antigen of influenza a virus, hepatitis b antigen of influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus antigen and antigen of adenovirus, vice antigen of influenza virus type Ⅰ, parainfluenza Ⅱ antigen and deputy antigen of influenza virus type Ⅲ seven respiratory pathogens, and the data of children with respiratory tract pathogen examination were statistically analyzed.   Results  Among 1766 children, 584 （33.07%）were positive for respiratory virus pathogens. The main pathogens were respiratory syncytial virus （316 cases/17.89%）, adenovirus （90 cases/5.10%） and parainfluenza virus TYPE Ⅲ （82 cases/4.64%）. The positive rate of respiratory tract infection pathogen in children was mainly concentrated in < 6 months old group and 6 months to 4 years old group, with 111 （34.69%） and 327 （34.31%） cases, respectively. There was statistical significance in the positive rate of respiratory tract infection pathogens in different age groups （χ2 = 8.392, P = 0.031）. The positive rate of influenza A virus detected after public protection （0.29%） was lower than that before public protection （5.94%）, the difference was statistically significant （P < 0.05）. There was no statistical significance in the detection rate of influenza B virus antigen, adenovirus antigen, parainfluenza virus Ⅰ, parainfluenza virus Ⅱ and parainfluenza virus Ⅱ before and after public protection （P > 0.05）.   Conclusion  The detection rate of virus etiology of respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children in Anning area is high, respiratory syncytial virus is the main pathogen, and the positive rate of influenza A virus detection decreases obviously after public protection, so it is important to continue to do public protection to prevent influenza A.