HIV-1抗体阳性者的免疫印迹带型分析

目的 分析江门市HIV-1抗体阳性者流行病学特征及其抗体蛋白免疫印迹试验(WB)带型特征，为艾滋病防治工作提供科学依据。方法 运用免疫印迹试验、流式细胞术检测2018-2019年江门市新确诊的HIV-1感染者外周血中的HIV抗体、CD4⁺T淋巴细胞，结合该人群的人口学特征进行统计分析。结果 214例HIV-1抗体阳性者中，男156例(72.90%),女58例(27.10%);平均年龄(44.70±14.00)岁；CD4⁺T淋巴细胞≤350个/μL的占68.69%。WB带型以次全带为主，缺失条带类型以p55和p17为主。不同性别间的WB带型仅p55的检出率差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.41,P=0.036)。在不同途径感染人群间gp41(χ²=16.31,P<0.01)、p51(χ²=8.75,P=0.013)的抗体检出率差异均有统计学意义。不同免疫水平的人群间WB带型gp41(χ²=9.26,P=0.010)、p24(χ²=5.3...

Aanalysis of Western blot band patterns in HIV-1 antibody positive cases

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and Western blot (WB) band patterns of HIV antibody in individuals with HIV-1 antibody positive in Jiangmen city, in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of AIDS. Methods Band patterns of HIV-1 antibodies were assessed by Western blot, while CD4⁺T cells were counted by flow cytometer. Demographic characteristics of these HIV-1 antibody positive patients were analyzed. Results Of the total 214 HIV-1 antibody positive cases, 156(72.90%) were males, with mean age of 44.70±14.00 years. Patients with CD4⁺T lymphocytes≤350/μL accounted for 68.69%. The WB band pattern was predominated by subtotal bands, with absence of p55 and p17 in most of the cases. Only the p55 band differed significantly between males and females (X²=4.41, P=0.036). The positive rates of gp41 and p51 varied significantly with HIV transmission route (gp41: X²=16.31, P<0.01; p51: X²=8.75, P=0.013). In addition, the antibodies against viral proteins differed among subjects with different immune status (gp41:X²=9.26, P=0.010; p24: X²=5.35, P=0.035; p17: X²=21.37, P<0.01). Conclusions  Newly confirmed cases of HIV-1 antibody positive are mainly young and middle aged subjects in Jiangmen. Delayed diagnosis is still an issue. Targeted education on the prevention of HIV infections and routine surveillance should be improved. Moreover, we could take full advantage of the information on WB band patterns and the results of initial CD4⁺T lymphocyte count to determine individual immune status before antiviral therapy, and to evaluate the progress of disease, and prevention and control of AIDS.