肝纤维化病因与机制研究进展

肝纤维化（hepatic fibrosis，HF）是由遗传相关疾病、慢性病毒性肝炎、酒精性肝炎、胆汁淤积和药物性肝损伤等多种慢性肝病引起的过度修复反应产生多种细胞外基质（extracellular matrix,ECM）的异常沉积的结果。肝纤维化的发生发展机制和肝星状细胞（hepatic stellate cells，HSC）、肝巨噬细胞、内质网应激（endoplasmic reticulum stress，ERs）和自噬等有关。肝脏的纤维化是一个动态发展过程，在没有干预的情况下会继续发展成为肝硬化，甚至发展为肝细胞癌。因此，延缓或者逆转肝纤维化的发生具有非常重要的临床意义。对肝纤维化病因和发生发展机制总结，为抗肝纤维化的药物研究提供参考。

Progress in Etiology and Pathogenesis of Liver Fibrosis

Liver fibrosis （HF） is the result of abnormal deposition of various extracellular matrix （ECM） caused by the over-repair response of various chronic liver diseases, such as genetic-related diseases, chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, cholestasis and drug-induced liver injury. The pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis is related to hepatic stellate cell （HSC）, hepatic macrophage, endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERs） and autophagy. Liver fibrosis is a dynamic process that can progress to cirrhosis or even hepatocellular carcinoma without intervention. Therefore, delaying or reversing the occurrence of liver fibrosis has very important clinical significance. The purpose of this review is to summarize the etiology, occurrence and development mechanism of liver fibrosis and provide a reference for the research of anti-liver fibrosis drugs.