2002-2003年全国14所医院细菌分离情况及耐药性调查

目的：对全国临床分离菌进行耐药性调查，指导临床合理用药。方法：采用函调方式，对全国50所医院发出通知和统一调查表，在规定的时间内收回，排除填报质量问题后，对14所医院报表进行总结，分析2002-2003年全国14所医院细菌分离及耐药性情况。结果：2002年、2003年细菌耐药率变化不大，金黄色葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌耐药性较严重，未发现耐万古霉素的葡萄球菌，大部分革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南／西拉司丁钠依然有极高活性，肠杆菌属、不动杆菌属对三代头孢菌素的耐药率较高。结论：细菌耐药形势严峻，必须加强抗菌药物用药管理，控制滥用，才能降低细菌耐药率。

Investigation on the level of drug resistance among isolated bacteriain 14 domestic hospitals from 2002 to 2003

Object: To investigate the level of drug resistance among isolated bacteria in clinic so as to get a reference in clinical medicine usage more rationally. Methods: Investigation by letters was adopted in 50 domestic hospitals with uniform sheets in regulated period. Excluding form-filling problems, the data gained were analyzed in order to sum up the status of bacterial separation and drug resistance from 2002 to 2003. Results: A little changes of the drug resistance rate were showed in these data during these periods. No evidence showed staphylococcus was vancomycin resistant. The major part of gram-negative bacteria was still sensitive to imipenem/cilastatin. But the resistance to medicine among staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa was more serious than before. The rate of drug resistance among enterobacter and acnetobacter increased. Conclusion: A severe situation of bacterial drug resistance is faced in clinic. Consequently, we should tighten supervision over anti-bacteria medicine and control drug abuse to decrease the rate of drug resistance.