Non-infectious Dacryoadenitis |
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| Institution: | 1. Center for Ocular Regeneration (CORE), L V Prasad Eye Institute, Telangana, Hyderabad, India;2. Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, South Australia, Adelaide, Australia;1. Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institution, Waltham, MA, USA;2. The Ocular Immunology and Uveitis Foundation, Waltham, MA, USA;3. Harvard Medical School, Department of Ophthalmology, Boston, MA, USA;1. Hematology Section, Medical Oncology Department, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar;2. Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar;3. Ophthalmology Department, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha, Qatar;4. Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Doha, Qatar;1. Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Orbital Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands;2. Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Dacryoadenitis is an inflammation of the lacrimal gland that may have various etiologies with similar presentations. Despite more recent elucidation of specific causes, the management has remained largely unchanged. Hence, the condition remains under biopsied with the rationale that empirical treatment with corticosteroids is effective for many of the causes. Dacryoadenitis, however, dacryoadenitis can be the presenting sign of an undiagnosed systemic disease and a mimick for lymphoma; hence, tissue diagnosis and systemic investigations play a vital role. A significant proportion of dacryoadenitis has a specific etiology, and IgG4-related dacryoadenitis is more frequently identified as a cause. We summarize the different types of immune-mediated dacryoadenitis, their clinical findings, histopathology, management, and prognosis. We have also highlighted and formulated practice guidelines for diagnosis and effective treatment based on the underlying systemic disease. |
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