Glass-ionomer and calcium silicate-based cements interactions with human dentine in health and disease: Two-photon fluorescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analysis. |
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| Institution: | 1. Centre for Oral, Clinical and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King''s College London, London, UK;2. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;3. Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), Dubai, United Arab Emirates;4. Virtual AI LTD, London, UK;5. Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | ObjectivesTo investigate the potential mineralising effects of calcium silicate-based dentine replacement material (Biodentine?) in comparison with glass-ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji IX?) on different human dentine substrates using a multimodal non-invasive optical assessment.MethodsCements were applied on artificially demineralised or naturally carious dentine and stored for 4 weeks in phosphate-rich media +/- tetracycline used for mineralisation labelling. Interfacial dentine was examined from the same sample and location before and after aging using two-photon fluorescence microscopy, fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging. Additionally, Raman spectroscopy was used to detect changes in the mineral content of dentine.ResultsSignificant changes in the fluorescence intensity and lifetime were detected in partially demineralised dentine and caries-affected dentine underneath both tested cements, after storage (p < 0.001). This was associated with a significant increase in the mineral content as indicated by the increased intensity of the phosphate Raman peak located at 959 cm?1 (p < 0.0001). Caries-infected dentine showed significant fluorescence changes under Biodentine? after storage (p < 0.001), but not under GIC (p = 0.44). Tetracycline binding induced a reduction in the fluorescence lifetime with comparable increase in the fluorescence intensity in both cements’ groups within the affected dentine (p < 0.001). SignificanceTwo-photon fluorescence microscopy can be used efficiently for non-destructive in-vitro dentine caries characterisation providing a technique for studying the same dentine-cement interface over time and detect changes. Biodentine? demonstrated comparable remineralising potential to GIC, in addition to inducing remineralisation of caries-infected dentine. This may suggest using Biodentine? as part of minimally invasive operative dentistry (MID) in caries management. |
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| Keywords: | Calcium silicate Glass ionomer Cements Caries Remineralisation Dental caries Caries-affected dentine Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy Tetracycline Raman spectroscopy |
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